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西藏虎头兰花香成分分析

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-11-26 11:29

摘要： 以盛花期的西藏虎头兰花为试材，采用手动固相微萃取（SPME）结合气相色谱一质谱联用（GC-MS）技术测定其一天内不同时间及不同花器官释放的花香成分及其相对含量。一天中三个时间点10∶00、14∶00和18∶00的西藏虎头兰花香分别鉴定出88种、87种和83种化合物，在花器官花瓣、唇瓣和合蕊柱中分别鉴定出72种、66种和62种化合物；包括醛类、醇类、酮类、酯类、萜烯类、烷烃类、醚类、呋喃类、酚类和芳香族十类化合物。全花花香成分主要是α-蒎烯，松萜和对甲酚；花瓣主要花香成分α-蒎烯，松萜和α-蒎烯；唇瓣主要花香成分对甲酚、α-蒎烯，松萜；合蕊柱主要花香成分对甲酚、己醛、1-己醇。结果表明，西藏虎头兰一天内不同时间段花香成分种类逐渐减少；花器官花香成分从合蕊柱向花瓣种类逐渐增加，说明其主要香气释放部位为花瓣；在不同时间段及花器官中，萜烯类物质、醇类物质和酯类物质无论种类数量还是相对含量都占有很大比重，说明萜烯类物质、醇类物质和酯类物质是西藏虎头兰花香的主要组成成分。

关键词: 西藏虎头兰, 花香成分, SPME, GC-MS技术

Abstract: The floral composition and its relative contentin flowers of Cymbidium tracyanum in the diurnal variation of full blooming stage and different flower organs were determined by solid-phase microextraction (SPEM) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS).In a day at 10∶00,14∶00 and 18∶00,88,87 and 83 compounds were identified respectively in flowers of C. tracyanum;72,66 and 62 compounds were identified respectively in flower petals,labellun and gynandrium;These include aldehydes,alcohols,ketones,esters,terpenes,alkanes,ethers,furans,phenols,and aromatic ten compounds.The floral constituents are mainly α-pipene and p-cresol;the main aroma components of the petals are α-pipene and β-pinene;the main floral components of the lips are p-cresol and α-pipene;the main floral component of the column is p-cresol,hexanal and 1-hexanol.The species of floral components in C. tracyanum gradually decreased during different time periods;the flower constituents of flower organs gradually increased from the column to the petal species,explaining that the main aroma release site is the petal.In different time periods and flower organs,terpenes,alcohols and esters accounted for a large proportion of the amount and relative content,indicating that terpenes,alcohols and esters are the main component of C. tracyanum orchid incense.

Key words: Cymbidium tracyanum L., flower aroma components, SPME, GC-MS technology

中图分类号:

Q945.6+4