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古田山亚热带常绿阔叶林凋落物分解及养分释放动态

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2026-04-23 18:04

DOI:

作者:

胡学鹏幺中元张乃莉

张乃莉

北京林业大学林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室, 北京 100083;北京林业大学森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083;国家林业和草原局黑龙江三江平原沼泽草甸生态系统定位观测研究站, 双鸭山 518000
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基金项目:

国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2023YFF1304003-02);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071644)

The litter decomposition and nutrient release dynamics in the Gutianshan subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest

Author:

HU Xuepeng

The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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YAO Zhongyuan

Process Improvement Department, ChanachunGeneScience Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Changchun 130012, China
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ZHANG Naili

State Key laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;Ecological Observation and Research Station of Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetlands, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shuangyashan 518000, China
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摘要:

亚热带常绿阔叶林在我国森林生态系统碳存储方面发挥着重要作用,研究其凋落物分解机制对理解和预测亚热带森林生态系统养分循环和碳储存具有重要意义。以古田山国家级自然保护区典型亚热带常绿阔叶林为研究区域,以两种亚热带树种马尾松(Pinus massoniana)和石栎(Lithocarpus glaber)凋落叶作为分解基质,通过对凋落物分解速率、凋落物养分释放速率、土壤微生物群落结构、土壤胞外酶活性以及土壤理化性质的测定,从凋落物质量、分解者和分解环境三个层面探究亚热带常绿阔叶林凋落物分解的主场效应、养分释放模式以及土壤微生物作用机制。研究结果表明:(1)马尾松凋落叶主场效应不明显,而石栎凋落叶在分解过程中表现出一定主场效应,并具有时间依赖性,在分解后期主场效应较为强烈,说明具有较低初始有机碳含量的凋落物可能存在相对明显的正主场效应;(2)马尾松和石栎凋落叶的有机碳均呈净富集状态,马尾松凋落叶氮在分解后期呈释放模式,而石栎凋落叶氮则表现为净富集模式;(3)亚热带常绿阔叶林内凋落物分解主要受养分残留率、土壤微生物群落结构(真菌/细菌比和革兰氏阳性/阴性细菌比)和土壤pH的影响。综上,揭示了马尾松和石栎凋落物分解主场效应的差异性表现和时间依赖性,有助于亚热带常绿阔叶林优势树种的凋落物分解机制的深入理解。

Abstract:

Subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests play an important role in carbon storage within forest ecosystems in China. It is crucial to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of litter decomposition in order to better understand and predict the dynamics of nutrient cycling and carbon storage in subtropical forest ecosystems. This study was conducted in a typical subtropical evergreen broadleaf forest in the Gutianshan National Nature Reserve. The fallen leaves of two dominant arboreal species, Pinus massoniana and Lithocarpus glaber, were used for litter decomposition. Here, we aimed to test the home field advantage (HFA) in litter decomposition, nutrient release patterns, and the role of soil microbial communities by examining the correlations among the rate of litter decomposition, litter nutrient release, soil microbial community structure, soil extracellular enzyme activity, and soil physicochemical properties. The results showed that (1) Leaf litter of P. massoniana had no HFA, while L. glaber, to some extent, exhibited HFA. The HFA of L. glaber was time-dependent, with a pronounced HFA apparent at the later stage of decomposition. This suggests that litters with lower initial organic carbon content may lead to a more significantly positive HFA. (2) Leaf litters of both P. massoniana and L. glaber showed a net C enrichment, with P. massoniana leaf litter showing a N release at the later stage of decomposition, and a net N enrichment for L. glaber. (3) Litter decompositions of both P. massoniana and L. glabers in the subtropical forest were mainly associated with the remained nutrient in litters, soil microbial community structure such as the ratio of fungi to bacteria, the ratio of Gram-positive to Gram-negative bacteria and soil pH. These findings provide insight into the discrepancy in HFA of P. massoniana and L. glaber, and the time-dependent HFA of L. glaber, thereby enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms of litter decomposition in subtropical forest ecosystems.

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胡学鹏,幺中元,张乃莉.古田山亚热带常绿阔叶林凋落物分解及养分释放动态.生态学报,2024,44(19):8584~8594

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