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植物激素对烟草花粉萌发及授粉后花粉管生长的影响

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2026-01-08 01:38

摘要: 采用离体萌发法研究外源植物激素(GA、IAA、ABA、6-BA)对栽培烟草、花烟草和黄花烟草花粉萌发的影响。结果表明，ABA抑制3个烟草种的花粉萌发；栽培烟草花粉萌发最适的GA浓度为10 mmol/L,IAA浓度为10 mmol/L,6-BA浓度为15 mmol/L。黄花烟草花粉萌发的最适GA浓度为100 mmol/L、IAA浓度为30 mmol/L、6-BA浓度为4 mmol/L。花烟草花粉萌发最适6-BA浓度为1 mmol/L,GA和IAA抑制其花粉萌发。用半离体培养实验探究上述激素对栽培烟草自交，及其作为母本与花烟草和黄花烟草杂交授粉后花粉管生长的影响，结果表明，4种激素均促进花粉管生长，且对栽培烟草(自交亲和)花粉管生长的促进作用最强，但GA抑制花烟草花粉管生长。此外，6-BA还能改善黄花烟草花粉管在杂交授粉过程中的卷曲现象。

Abstract: The influence of exogenous plant hormones GA, IAA, ABA and 6-BA on pollen germination and pollen tube growth after pollination of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. K326（female parent）, N. alata and N. rustica were studied with in vitro culture method. The results showed that ABA inhibited pollen germination of three Nicotiana species. The optimal concentration of both GA and IAA to promote the pollen germination of K326 was 10 mmol/L, and 6-BA was 15 mmol/L on; For pollen of N. rustica, the optimal concentration of GA, IAA and 6-BA were 100 mmol/L, 30 mmol/L and 4 mmol/L, respectively. GA and IAA inhibited pollen germination of N. alata, but 1 mmol/L of 6-BA was the optimal concentration to promote its pollen germination. The effects of these hormones on the growth of pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. K326 after cross-pollination with N. alata and N. rustica as mother were investigated by semi-isolated culture experiment. The results showed that all the four hormones promoted the growth of pollen tubes, and the promotion effect on the growth of pollen tubes of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. K326（self-compatibility） was the strongest, but GA inhibited the growth of pollen tubes of N. alata. In addition, 6-BA could also improve the curling of pollen tubes during cross-pollination.

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