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Milan Flower

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-12-30 05:04

Core tips: Miziorchid Latin scientific name: AglaiaodorataLour Aliases: Milan, Four Seasons Milan, Broken Milan, Pearl Orchid, Golden Milan Orchid, Caviar Orchid, Tea Orchid, Chicken Claw Orchid, Milan Globe Two Names: Aglaiaodorata Kingdom: Plant Kingdom: Angiosperms: Dicotyledons Subclass: Primitive perianth subclass: Sapindus order

米兰花、四季米兰、碎米兰、珍珠兰、金粟兰、鱼子兰、茶兰、鸡爪兰、米兰球

Orchid Latin scientific name: AglaiaodorataLour Alias: Milan, Four Seasons Milan, Broken Milan, Pearl Orchid, Golden Milan Orchid, Caviar Orchid, Tea Orchid, Chicken Claw Orchid, Milan Ball Second Name: Aglaiaodorata Kingdom: Plant Kingdom Phylum: Angiosperms Phylum: Dicotyledonous Subclass Subclass: Primitive Perianth Subclass Order: Sapindidae Suborder: Rutaceae Family: Neemaceae Subfamily: Neem Subfamily: Partridge Flower Family Genus: Rice Orchid Species: Rice orchid.

Milan, (Latin name: AglaiaodorataLour), alias: Four Seasons Milan, Broken Milan, is an evergreen shrub or small tree, native to subtropical Yunnan, Fujian and other places, distributed in Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

Milan flowers have dense branches and leaves, green and bright leaves, and bloom many times a year, most in summer and autumn. When it blooms, it is fragrant and smells like an orchid. the top of the twig often has small stellate rust-colored scales; The pinnate compound leaves are alternate, the flowers are yellow, the taste is extremely fragrant, and the diameter is about 2 mm. bisexual peduncles slightly short and thick, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, oblong; The berries are nearly spherical, 10-12 mm long, and bloom in summer and autumn.

Milan flowers adapt to warm and humid climatic conditions, and adult plants need full sunlight. In the southern courtyard, Milan is also an excellent landscape tree.

1. Morphological characteristics of Milan

Milan is an evergreen shrub or small tree with many twigs on the stem, and the top of the young shoots has stellate rust-colored scales that fall off. Odd pinnacle compound leaves, alternate, leaf length 5-12 (-16) cm, leaf axis and petiole with narrow wings Leaf axis with narrow wings, leaflets 3-5, opposite, thick papery, 2-7 (-11) cm long, 1-3.5 (-5) cm wide, obovate to oblong, apex 1 piece is the largest, lower part is much smaller than the apical one, apex blunt, base wedge-shaped, glabrous on both sides, entire, veins are obvious, lateral veins are about 8 on each side, extremely slender, and the reticulum veins are slightly raised on both sides.

Milanese panicle axillary, 5-10 cm long, slightly sparse and glabrous. The flowers are yellow, about 2 mm in diameter, fragrant. Calyx 5-lobed, lobes round. Corolla 5-petaled, oblong or nearly round, 1.5-2 mm long, apex rounded and truncated, longer than calyx. Anthers 5, ovate, inside.

The Milanese stamens stalk is slender and 1.5-3 mm long, the filaments are combined into a tube, shorter than the petals. The pistil ovary is ovate, densely covered with yellow coarse hairs. berries, ovate or spherical, 10-12 mm long, initially scattered with stellate scales, later shed; The seeds have a fleshy aril.

The peduncle of the Milanese bisexual flower is slightly short and thick, and the seeds have a fleshy aril. The flowering period is from May to December, or blooming in all seasons, and the fruiting period is from July to March of the following year.

2. The growth environment of Milan

Milan likes a warm, humid and sunny environment, not cold-tolerant, slightly shade-tolerant, and has a wide range of soil adaptation, but it is best to use slightly acidic sandy soil in the deep, loose and fertile soil layer, and the temperature in winter is not lower than 10 °C. It often grows in sparse forests or shrubs in low-altitude mountainous areas.

Milan likes warmth, sunshine, and fat. The suitable temperature for growth is 20°C~25°C. Under normal circumstances, when the sun is abundant and the temperature is high (about 30°C), the flowers that bloom will have a strong fragrance. If it is placed in the shade in summer and a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied at the same time, it will cause Milan to not bloom or bloom less, and the fragrance is weak. Therefore, during the growth and development period of Milan, it needs to be maintained outdoors in a sunny place, and pay attention to the appropriate application of more liquid fertilizer containing more phosphorus, it is best to apply crushed bones, fish bones, chicken bones, etc. to soak decomposed alum fertilizer water, and often supplement with some chemical fertilizers containing more phosphorus or fermented rice water, etc., which will help to conceive buds, so that they bloom more, golden in color, and smell fragrant.

Milan grows slowly, has a long lifespan, and century-old trees can still bloom.

3. The main values of Milan

Milan is lovedFlowersPlants, the fragrance of flowers is striking. Milan potted plants can be displayed in the living room, study and porch, fresh and elegant, comfortable and comfortable.

Milan is an excellent landscape tree in the southern courtyard.

4. Distribution range of Milan

Milan is native to southern Asia and is widely cultivated in tropical parts of the world. It is distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan and Yunnan, and is mostly used in pots in the north.

Milan is found in various countries in Southeast Asia. It is often cultivated in Fujian, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces.

5. Cultivation technology in Milan

(1) Propagation method: Milan propagation uses cuttings, high branch layering or sowing.

1. Layering: Mainly high-altitude layering, annual lignified branches are selected in the rainy season, 1 cm wide is made at the base 20 cm, applied to the ring peeling part with moss or peat, and then tied up and down with film, and can take root in 2-3 months.

2. Cuttings: cut about 10 cm of the top shoots from June to August, insert them into peat, and start to take root after 2 months.

(2) Cultivation management

Cultivation environment: Potted Milan seedlings pay attention to shade, do not be exposed to strong light, and fertilize once every 2 weeks after the seedlings grow new leaves, but the amount of watering must be controlled, and it should not be too wet. In addition to the midday shade in midsummer, there should be more sunshine, so that Milan not only blooms more often, but also has a strong fragrance. The area north of the Yangtze River must be moved indoors for maintenance in winter.

Milan loves humidity, watering should be moderate during growth. If you water too much, it is easy to cause root rot and leaves to turn yellow and fall off; too much watering during the flowering period can easily cause flowers and buds to fall; Too little watering will cause the edges of the leaves to dry out and wither. Therefore, when the temperature is high in summer, in addition to watering 1~2 times a day, it is also necessary to often spray the branches and leaves with clean water and sprinkle water on the ground to increase air humidity. At the same time, fertilization should also be appropriate. Because Milan blooms more times in a year, after each flower, it should be fertilized with fully decomposed thin liquid fertilizer 2~3 times in time, so that it can bloom endlessly and have a strong aroma. Milan likes acidic soil, and potted plants should use potting soil based on leaf rot. During the period of vigorous growth, spray 0.2% ferrous sulfate solution once a week, and the leaves will bloom.

Loose, drained, and well-breathable soil for potted plants. Repot once every 1~2 years, and fertilize once every 1~2 weeks during the growth period.

planting in many gardens in the south; Northern potted plants, spring, summer and autumn should be cultivated in places where the sun can directly shine outside. In winter, move indoors to a place with direct sunlight, and the overwintering temperature is above 10°C.

After flowering, the adult mother plant will produce small red fruits shaped like the fruit of a bitter tree. The fruit is picked when it is reddish-brown, soaked in warm water and peeled off the fleshy skin, and then the seeds are sown in sand pots as they are picked, and germinate in about a month after sowing in summer and autumn. Seedlings take two or three years to bloom, unlike the seedlings propagated by the high-altitude layering method, which can be full of fragrance that year.

Reasonable fertilization. Milan flowers are highly flowering and bloom frequently, so nutrients must be supplemented in time. Insufficient fertilizer is the main reason why Milan flowers only grow leaves and do not bloom or fall leaves and buds. Therefore, when the temperature rises, the Milan flowers should be moved outdoors for maintenance, and after a week, the soil should be loosened, some thin nitrogen fertilizer should be applied, and 10% to 20% decomposed cake fertilizer water or human manure and urine can be used, and liquid fertilizer should be applied every 10 days or so in the future to promote the growth of its branches and leaves. From June, Milanese flowers enter the peak growth and flowering period until mid-October. Every 15 days or so, you need to apply a thicker fertilizer based on phosphorus fertilizer, or spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution every 15 to 20 days, and the flowering will be more vigorous.

Special attention must be paid to phosphorus fertilizer during the flowering period, otherwise there will be only long leaves and no flowering. During the flowering period from June to October, if fertilization is insufficient, not only will the number of flowers be reduced and the flowers will not be fragrant, but the flower buds that have appeared will also wither and cannot open.

(3) Potting technology

Milan is a subtropical tree species produced in our country's Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan and Southeast Asia. It likes a mild climate and a humid environment. Because Milan is a southern plant, it is difficult to cultivate in Beijing, especially indoors, and needs to be carefully maintained.

The causes of leaf loss in Milan can be manifold, such as soil pH, water pH, fertilizer problems.

Here are some technical points of Milan's breeding in the north as follows: Milan mostly uses grass charcoal, rotted leaves and sand soil in the north. Families can use (old) Clivia soil and plain sand soil mixed with cooperative culture soil. The pot should not be too big, and alkaline fertilizer should not be added to the soil, and the bottom of the pot should be lined with a drainage layer. After the seedlings are planted, they are first placed in the shade for maintenance. When the weather is dry, spray water on the leaves and the surrounding ground every day to keep the environment moist. After the new leaves grow, they are moved to sparse shade, and then gradually adapt to the strong light, and the flowers will be more fragrant. For potted flower seedlings in spring, top dressing should be started around the beginning of autumn, and it is better to use thin organic liquid fertilizer.

From the second year, during the peak growing season, apply organic liquid fertilizer every 20 days. If it can be applied alternately with 0.1% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed solution, the flowers and leaves will be more lush. The potting soil should be kept moist frequently, and do not miss watering and drought, but it should not be waterlogged for a long time. If it is placed indoors, ventilation should be strengthened, and it should be rotated outdoors for about 15 days. In winter, it is necessary to see sufficient sunlight when moving indoors, and the minimum room temperature shall not be lower than 8°C. Control water and prohibit fertilizer, and pay attention to the opening and closing of doors and windows to avoid direct cold wind and smoke pollution. Prevent scale insects and coal pollution hazards.

In North China, after the dry wind from late April to early May, it will be moved to outdoor maintenance. Milan can change pots every two years. Milan should be pruned and shaped from the seedlings, keeping a section of the main trunk 15 cm to 20 cm high, do not let the main trunk branches grow out of the soil, but prune branches above the main trunk 15 cm high to make the plant plump. Since Milan is a flower spike that is drawn between the axils of new leaves, it is generally not pruned. However, after the winter in Milan or cultivated outdoors, a small number of dead branches will often appear, and these dead branches should be trimmed at any time to maintain beauty and conducive to growth. When it grows too densely, some non-flowering inner branches, cross branches, etc. can also be appropriately trimmed to facilitate light and ventilation, so that it can grow better. Therefore, it is advisable to cut short every other year during the high temperature season to promote the germination of adventitious buds in the lower part of the main branch and the growth of new side branches, so as to maintain a well-proportioned tree posture, strong tree vigor, and lush leaves and flowers.

If after a few years of potting, it grows tall and large, and it is difficult to place it indoors, you can propagate the overly long and too many branches with high pressure or trim off the parts that are too dense and too high, so that it has more side branches and more flowers, and its appreciation value can also be improved through bending and tying shapes.

(4) Overwintering management

Milan is native to the tropics and does not tolerate low temperatures. Generally, it should be moved indoors during the frost and the beginning of winter, placed on a sunny windowsill or tabletop, and the indoor temperature should be kept at 8-10 °C, not lower than 5 °C. If the temperature is too high, young shoots will grow, reducing adaptability and cold resistance. Plants should not be near the stove or stove; The temperature and humidity can be adjusted by using plastic covers, but one or two cracks need to be cut at the top of the cover to avoid excessive temperature and humidity and affect normal growth.

Water the potting soil a little when it is dry, but do not fertilize. When the weather changes suddenly and the indoor temperature drops below 5°C, special warmth measures should be taken, such as moving potted flowers under the table at night, covering the table with a curtain, and putting a straw curtain on the bottom to keep warm; You can also put a plastic bag on the pot, and when the sun comes out the next day, remove the curtain and move the potted flowers back from under the table. In the place where the Milan is placed, it is not advisable to open windows for ventilation to avoid cold wind damage to the plants.

How to deal with leaf drops

First, too much water will cause the Milanese root system to be unable to breathe, and water cannot be conducted to the leaf surface, resulting in suffocation and root rot. Milan water is manifested in the fact that the lower leaves curl up at first, dry up, turn brown and fall, which in turn causes the upper green leaves to fall off in a short time.

Second, there is less water and a long-term lack of water, which will lead to the death of Milan's root system. At this time, watering Milan thoroughly will cause a large amount of leaf fall in a short period of time, resulting in the death of the plant. There are also many reasons such as improper fertilization, poor ventilation, and freezing and falling leaves.

6. Diseases and prevention in Milan

1. Aphids, spray the plants with cigarette butts or chili pepper water. You can also spray it with 800 times the solution of aphid exterminator. If the amount is small, you can use a small brush to manually brush it off. For other control methods, please refer to roses.

2. Beetles, spray with 1500 times the liquid of mediation. If the amount is small, it can be brushed off manually with a brush. For other control methods, refer to Clivia large-flowered.

3. Spider mites, use 10% phenylbutadalin emulsion (such as Guoguang Red Kill) 1000 times liquid or 10% phenylbutadhalin emulsion (such as Guoguang Red Kill) 1000 times liquid + 5.7% amyl salt emulsion (such as Guoguang Leke) 3000 times liquid mixture and spray control, it is recommended to use it 2 times in a row, with an interference of 7-10 days.

4. Soot disease, high temperature, high humidity, poor ventilation is prone to this disease, so please pay attention to the temperature, humidity and ventilation when breeding.

7. Related types of Milan

(1) Mi Zi Lan

Aglaiaodorata Lour. is a proto-variety, shrub or small tree; the stem is mostly twigpy, and the top of the young branches is covered with stellate rust-colored scales. The leaves are 5-12 (-16) cm long.

leaf shaft and petiole with narrow wings, leaflets 3-5 pieces; leaflets opposite, thick papery, 2-7 (-11) cm long, 1-3.5 (-5) cm wide, 1 apex is the largest, the lower part is much smaller than the apical one, the apex is blunt, the base is wedge-shaped, glabrous on both sides, the lateral veins are about 8 on each side, extremely slender, and the reticulum veins are slightly raised on both sides.

panicles axillary, 5-10 cm long, slightly scattered and glabrous; flowers are fragrant, about 2 mm in diameter; peduncle of male flowers slender, 1.5-3 mm long, peduncle of bisexual flowers slightly short and thick, calyx 5-lobed, lobes rounded, petals 5, yellow, oblong or nearly round, 1.5-2 mm long, apex rounded and truncated, stamens slightly shorter than petals, obovate or nearly bell-shaped, glabrous outside, apex entirely or rounded, anthers 5, ovate, inside, ovary ovate, densely covered with yellow coarse hairs.

(2) Small-leaved rice orchid

The main difference between this variety and AglaiaodorataLour. microphyllina is that the leaves usually have 5-7 leaflets.

There are 9 interspersed, narrowly oblong or narrowly oblanceolate oblong, less than 4 cm long, 8-15 mm wide.

produced in Hainan; It grows in sparse forests or shrubs in low-altitude mountainous areas. It is cultivated in various provinces and regions in southern our country.

(3) Taiwan Mi Tsai Lan

Taiwan orchid (Aglaiaformosana (Hayata) Hayata) has large leaves and slightly smaller flowers, and its flowers often bloom with the growth of new branches.

medium evergreen tree with a DBH of up to 30 cm; The bark is reddish-brown, thin, and flaky; The twigs, petioles, leaf shafts and inflorescences are densely covered with silvery or yellowish stellate scales. leaflets 7-11, thin leathery, opposite, obovate or obovate-elliptical, 4-8 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, apex blunt or rounded, base wedge-shaped, leaf surface densely covered with silvery scales, back densely covered with yellowish scales, leaf surface midrib slightly concave, dorsal midrib convex, lateral veins 5-6 on each side, extremely slender, inconspicuous on both sides; petiole 5-10 mm long.

Milan panicle axillary, about 15 cm long, densely covered with yellowish-brown scales; Flowers about 2 mm in diameter; calyx 5-lobed, lobes nearly round, covered with pale yellow scales on the outside; Petals 5, oblong, tiled arrangement, about 1.2 mm long, about 1 mm wide, concave, apex rounded, outer covered with yellowish scales; stamens tube spherical, apex 5 lobed, anthers 5; ovary ovate.

Taiwan Rice orchid berries are spherical, 1-1.4 cm in diameter, sparsely scaled or absent. Flowering period September.

Taiwanese rice orchid is produced in Taiwan; Born in coastal areas and islands in the south or southeast. Distributed in the Philippines.

8. The chemical composition of Milan

Among the flower volatiles, 32 components were identified, including 11 monoterpenes (55.84%), 11 sesquiterpenes (3.32%), and 7 oxygen-containing compounds (35.16%), the main components were: cis-methyljas-monate (33.71%), cis-β β-ocimene (32.23%), β-pinene (β-pinene) (11.57%), Trans-β-basilene (trans-β-oximwnw) (4.61%), a-pinene (a-pimene) (4.48%), γ-elemene (γ-elemene) (1.46%), etc. The root contains chloranthalactone A and C, isofuranodiene and shizukafu-ranol.