北疆棉区食蚜蝇种类及其生境选择特性

摘要： 食蚜蝇是北疆地区棉花蚜虫的一类常见天敌。本研究于2014-2015年系统调查棉田及其周边生境中不同植物上食蚜蝇种类和种群数量。结果表明，细腹食蚜蝇属、小蚜蝇属、粗股蚜蝇属为优势属，短翅细腹食蚜蝇、宽尾细腹食蚜蝇、短舌小蚜蝇和黄环粗股蚜蝇为优势种，黑带食蚜蝇为常见种；在两年的调查中，各食蚜蝇均喜选择有蚜虫或开花的植物，其中，宽尾细腹食蚜蝇、短翅细腹食蚜蝇、短舌小蚜蝇、阔斑食蚜蝇、黄环粗股蚜蝇等均比较偏好访问被蚜虫侵染的植物。本文还提出了食蚜蝇田间保护的可行性建议，为下一步发展北疆棉区食蚜蝇种群保育与利用对策提供了科学依据。

关键词: 食蚜蝇, 种类组成, 生境选择, 植物特性

Abstract: Predatory syrphids are a group of common natural enemies of cotton aphids in northern Xinjiang. The species composition and population abundance of predatory syrphids on different plants were examined through systematic investigation on different plant species in 2014 and 2015. The results indicate that Sphaerophoria, Paragus and Syritta are the dominant genus. Sphaerophoria scripta, Sphaerophoria rueppelli, Paragus compeditus, and Syritia pipiens are the dominant species. Episyrphus balteatus is the common species. All species of syphid preferred plants with flowers or aphids. For example, Sphaerophoria rueppelli, Sphaerophoria scripta, Paragus compeditus, Posthosyrphus latilunulatus, Syritia pipiens preferred plants infested by aphids. Strategies to protect the syrphids and to apply the natural enemies in cotton aphid control in northern Xinjiang were suggested.

Key words: syrphids, species composition, habitat selection, plants characteristics

中图分类号: 

S476.2

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