杜鹃花的植物化学、体外抗氧化潜力、酶抑制和抗菌活性研究

摘要

杜鹃花（Arum maculatum）是一种有毒的药用植物，在民间语言中被称为 "杜鹃品脱"（cuckoo-pint）。本研究对杜鹃花的各部分进行了体外抗氧化、酶抑制和抗菌药敏感性测试，以研究其生物活性。此外，还通过 LC-MS/MS 和总酚、类黄酮、皂苷和还原糖含量测定法对植物化学进行了分析。抗氧化活性通过 Fe3+、Cu2+、Fe3+-TPTZ 金属还原能力、1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）和 2,2ʹ-氮基-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸（ABTS）自由基清除试验进行测定。结果显示，种子和浆果与抗坏血酸、丁基化羟基茴香醚、丁基化羟基甲苯、trolox 和 α-生育酚等天然和合成类似物一样，具有显著的金属还原和自由基清除作用。对人碳酸酐酶 II（hCA II）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE）和α-淀粉酶进行了抑制研究，并确定了每种酶抑制作用的 IC50 值。结果表明，杜鹃花籽抑制 AChE、BChE 和 hCA II 活性的 IC50 值高于参考抑制剂。每种菌株的提取物都对泛耐药菌株具有抗菌活性，最低浓度下的抗菌区直径至少为 20 毫米。LC-MS/MS 结果显示，有 24 种生物活性代谢物与提取物的生物活性有关。值得注意的是，奎宁酸和表儿茶素与心脏保护、神经保护、抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Investigation of Cuckoo-Pint's (Arum maculatum) Phytochemistry, In Vitro Antioxidant Potential, Enzyme Inhibition, and Antimicrobial Activity

Arum maculatum, cuckoo-pint in folk linguistics, is a poisonous but medicinal plant with tremendous properties that need investigation. This study subjected cuckoo-pint's parts to in vitro antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to investigate its biological activity. Further, phytochemistry was analyzed by both LC–MS/MS and total phenol, flavonoid, saponin, and reducing sugar content determination assays. Antioxidant activities were determined by Fe3+, Cu2+, Fe3+-TPTZ metal-reducing ability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2ʹ-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. According to the results, seeds and berries have remarkable metal-reducing and radical-scavenging effects as natural and synthetic analogs such as ascorbic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole, butylated hydroxytoluene, trolox, and α-tocopherol. Inhibition studies over human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-amylase were performed, and IC50 values were determined for each enzyme inhibition. According to the results, the cuckoo-pint seeds inhibited the AChE, BChE, and hCA II activity with greater IC50 values than reference inhibitors. Antimicrobial activity over pan-resistant strains was achieved for each strain with the extracts, at least 20 mm zone diameter was obtained with the lowest concentrations. LC–MS/MS results revealed 24 bioactive metabolites associated with the extracts’ biological activity. Notably, quinic acid and epicatechin correlated with cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activity.

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