首页分享不同生境下烤烟三段式育苗微生物群落变化及抗逆酶活分析

不同生境下烤烟三段式育苗微生物群落变化及抗逆酶活分析

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-01-18 12:38

摘要：

【目的】为解析三段式育苗对烟苗根际微生物多样性和抗逆酶活性的影响。【方法】以中烟100为供试品种，以常规漂浮育苗为对照，设置三段式育苗。通过监测工厂化四联体育苗大棚中烟苗的生长发育情况，系统分析了三段式育苗方式对育苗环境，育苗池、基质和根系微生物多样性，烟苗农艺性状和抗逆酶活性的影响。同时，追溯分析三段式育苗对于田间烟草根际土壤微生物多样性的影响。【结果】幼苗期，三段式育苗方式相对于漂浮育苗对照，改善了育苗池水体的理化性状，降低了育苗大棚内的温差和湿度水平，日均温差由19.23℃下降至17.95℃，日均湿度由75.17%RH下降至69.53%RH；成苗期，三段式育苗增加了育苗池水体中的短波单胞菌属（Brevundimonas）和赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属（Lysinibacillus）的丰度，分别为漂浮育苗的13.90倍和4.66倍。增加了烟苗的鲜重、根长、侧根数、CAT酶活性、SOD酶活性、POD酶活性、根活力和成苗率，较漂浮育苗对照分别提高了34.33%、34.37%、36.41%、31.91%、25.34%、58.07%、29.08%和10.91%，MDA含量降低了22.31%；大田期，提升了烟草根际土壤微生物子囊菌门和青梅属的丰度，创造了更有利的烟草生长环境。【结论】三段式育苗通过改善育苗环境，增加了烟苗根际有益菌群的丰度，显著提高了烟苗的成苗期农艺性状和抗逆酶活性，从而提升烟苗素质。

关键词: 烟草, 三段式育苗, 烟苗根际微生物, 烟苗根活力

Abstract:

【Objective】It is to analyze the effects of three-stage seedling raising on rhizosphere microbial diversity and anti-stress enzyme activity of tobacco seedlings.【Method】Zhongyan 100 was chosen as the test variety, with conventional floating seedling raising as the control, and the three-stage seedling raising was set up. By monitoring the growth and development of tobacco seedlings in the quadruple sports seedling greenhouse, the effects of three-stage seedling raising method on seedling environment, microbial diversity, agronomic traits and anti-stress enzyme activities of tobacco seedlings were systematically analyzed. Concurrently, its effect on the microbial diversity of tobacco rhizosphere soil in the field was traced and analyzed.【Result】In the seedling stage, the three-stage seedling raising method improved the physical and chemical properties of the pool water and reduced the temperature difference and humidity level in the seedling greenhouse compared with the floating seedling raising control. The daily average temperature difference decreased from 19.23℃ to 17.95℃, and the daily average humidity decreased from 75.17%RH to 69.53%RH. At the seedling stage, the three-stage seedling raising increased the abundance of Brevundimonas and Lysinibacillus in the seedling pool water, which were 13.90 times and 4.66 times that of the floating seedling raising, respectively. The fresh weight, root length, number of lateral roots, CAT enzyme activity, SOD enzyme activity, POD enzyme activity, root activity and seedling rate of tobacco seedlings increased by 34.33%, 34.37%, 36.41%, 31.91%, 25.34%, 58.07%, 29.08% and 5.91%, respectively, compared with the floating seedling raising control, while the MDA content decreased by 22.31%. At the same time, MDA content decreased by 22.31%. In the field period, the abundance of Ascomycota and Penicillium in tobacco rhizosphere soil increased, and a more favorable environment for tobacco growth was created.【Conclusion】The three-stage seedling raising method increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the rhizosphere of tobacco seedlings by improving the seedling raising environment, and significantly improved the agronomic traits and anti-stress enzyme activity of tobacco seedlings at the seedling stage, thus improving the quality of tobacco seedlings.

Key words: tobacco, three-stage seedling raising, microorganisms around tobacco seedling rhizosphere, root vitality of tobacco seedlings