柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂进程及异常行为

摘要： 【目的】观察柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂进程及染色体的变化和异常行为,为进一步开展柳杉的生殖生物学与分子细胞遗传学研究提供参考。【方法】以柳杉的雄球花(小孢子叶球)为材料,采用压片法研究柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂的变化规律。【结果】柳杉花粉母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂类型为同时型,其进程一般开始于10月中下旬并持续到11月上旬。观察发现柳杉雄球花外观颜色的变化与减数分裂进程有关,同一侧枝上柳杉雄球花的发育不一致,同一花序中的不同小孢子叶球的花粉母细胞减数分裂进程也不同步。通过观察柳杉的花粉母细胞减数分裂过程,发现存在单价染色体、不等价二价体、滞后染色体、分裂不同步、不均等分裂、异常四分体等异常现象。【结论】柳杉雄球花外观颜色的变化与减数分裂进程密切相关,其减数分裂过程中染色体存在异常现象。

Abstract: 【Objective】To provide a reference for the reproduction biology and molecular cytogenetics research of Cryptomeria fortunei, we studied the meiosis process of the pollen mother cells, including the transformation and abnormal behavior of the chromosomes. 【Method】Taking the male strobilus of C. fortunei as experimental material, the variation in the meiosis of the pollen mother cells of C. fortunei was studied using carbol fuchsin staining. 【Result】The cytokinesis of the pollen mother cells of C. fortunei was the simultaneous type, with the process generally starting in mid-late October and lasting until early November. The change in the color of the male strobilus was related to the process of meiosis. Additionally, the development of different staminate male strobilus on the same lateral branch was inconsistent and the meiosis of different staminate strobilus on the same inflorescence was not synchronous. Abnormal phenomena were observed, such as monochromatic chromosomes, unequal bivalents, lagging chromosomes, unsynchronized division, inhomogeneous division, abnormal tetrads, and so on. 【Conclusion】The change in the color of the male strobilus of C. fortunei was closely related to the meiosis process. Additionally, abnormal phenomena of the chromosomes exist during meiosis. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the cytological study of staminate strobilus.

中图分类号: 

S792.11

Q23

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