喷雾诱导基因沉默技术在植物真菌病害防治中的研究进展

摘要： 植物病原真菌是农业上的第一大病原菌，能够持续性地给全球的作物和果蔬产量带来严重的损失。目前真菌病害的防治方法主要依赖化学农药的大量使用，这也带来了真菌耐药性、食品安全以及生态环境污染等问题，因此开发应对病原真菌的新型绿色防控技术迫在眉睫。喷雾诱导基因沉默（spray induced gene silencing，SIGS）技术是一种通过外源施用双链RNA或小干扰RNA的方式来控制病原体关键靶标基因的生物技术，是农业生产上颇具潜力的新型绿色防控技术之一，目前已经成功应用于多种病原真菌的防控。本文主要综述了SIGS技术原理及其在植物真菌病害防治研究中的研究进展，旨在为开发用于防治植物病原真菌的生物农药提供研究基础。

关键词: 喷雾诱导基因沉默, RNA干扰, 植物真菌病害, 生物农药, 植物保护

Abstract: Fungal pathogens are the largest group of plant pathogens in agriculture,which continuously lead to serious yield loss of crops,fruit and vegetables worldwide.At present the control of pathogenic fungi mainly rely on the extensive use of chemical fungicides,which also brings us several concerns such as resistance to fungicides,food safety and ecological environment pollution.Thus,it is urgent to develop a green management strategy for pathogenic fungi in agriculture.Spraying induced gene silencing (SIGS) technology is a new potential bio-control technology in field application by using specific double-stranded RNA or small interfering RNA to control targeted genes of pathogens,which has been successfully applied to control numerous pathogenic fungi.Here,we focused on the advances in the development of SIGS mechanism and its applications on the management of plant pathogenic fungi,which might be helpful to the development of plant pathogenic fungi-targeted bio-pesticides based on SIGS.

Key words: spray induced gene silencing, RNA interference, plant fungal disease, bio-pesticide, crop protection

中图分类号: 

S476

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