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喷钙对芍药花茎品质及叶片光合特性的影响

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-11-25 17:34

摘要： 以5年生芍药盆栽苗为试材，研究了喷钙措施对芍药花茎品质、花茎机械强度及叶片光合参数的影响。结果表明，喷钙处理（4%，w/v）显著提高了花茎的机械强度，增幅达24.3%，花茎中纤维素、半纤维素、木质素及果胶含量均较对照显著增加，其中纤维素含量为456.54 μg·g-1，较对照增加了28.5%，增幅最大。喷钙处理还使芍药叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用效率(WUE)增加，至处理28 d时，Pn为17.07 μmol·m-2·s-1，较对照增加29.6%，Gs较对照提高了55%，为0.31 mol·m-2·s-1，Tr较对照提高了20%，达到2.61 mmol·mol-1，WUE为6.54 mmol·mol-1，较对照增加7.6%。另外，喷钙使芍药叶片最大净光合速率(Pmax)达到20.71 μmol·m-2·s-1，较对照提高24.6%，光饱和点为902.5 μmol·m-2·s-1，较对照增加7.5%，而光补偿点则显著降低，为7.27 μmol·m-2·s-1，较对照降低34.5%。

关键词: 克里格插值, 黄泛区, 土壤磷, 半方差函数, 空间变异

Abstract: Taking 5-year old herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) as test material, a pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of spraying calcium (4%, w/v) on the inflorescence stem quality and leaf photosynthetic characteristics of the plant. Under the spraying of calcium, the mechanical strength of the inflorescence stem increased significantly by 24.3%, and the cellulose, semicellulose, lignin, and pectin contents in the inflorescence stem all increased significantly, among which, the cellulose content reached 456.54 μg·g-1 and enhanced by 28.5%, as compared with the control. The leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), and water use efficiency also increased, with the Pn up to 17.07 μmol·m-2·s-1 28 days after calcium application and enhanced by 29.6%, and the Gs, Tr and WUE enhanced by 55%, 20%, and 7.6%, respectively, as compared with the control. In addition, spraying calcium led to an increase of the maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pmax) and the light saturation point, which were up to 20.71 μmol·m-2·s-1 and 902.5 μmol·m-2·s-1 and enhanced by 24.6% and 7.5%, respectively, but led to a significant decrease of light compensation point, which was 7.27 μmol·m-2·s-1 and decreased by 34.5%.

Key words: semivariance function, flooded area of the Yellow River, soil phosphorus, Kriging interpolation, spatial variation.