蜂糖李开花授粉生物学特性

摘要：

为研究蜂糖李的开花授粉生物学特性,为田间蜂糖李花期管理和授粉树配置提供理论依据,以蜂糖李及其授粉品种四月李、凤凰李、茵红李为试材,调查研究蜂糖李及其授粉品种的开花物候期、花粉量、花粉活力、蜂糖李的柱头可授性,以及不同授粉组合和不同外源处理的蜂糖李坐果率。结果表明,4个供试品种花期基本一致,相互重叠;各品种的花粉量在504.76~1 622.64粒;花粉萌发率在34.47%~51.22%,花粉活力高低为凤凰李>四月李>茵红李>蜂糖李;蜂糖李的柱头可授性在开花当天表现最强;以凤凰李授粉的蜂糖李坐果率最高,为49.56%,自花授粉坐果率最低,为12.20%,表明蜂糖李与凤凰李授粉亲和性最高且蜂糖李自交亲和。综合而言,蜂糖李授粉品种的适宜性为凤凰李>四月李>茵红李>蜂糖李。此外,花期喷硼可以有效提高蜂糖李的坐果率。

关键词: 蜂糖李, 开花, 授粉, 坐果率, 硼

Abstract:

To investigate the biological characteristics of flowering and pollination of Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Fengtangli’ and provide a theoretical foundation for floral management and pollinizers allocation in the field, ‘Fengtangli’ and its pollinating cultivars ‘Siyueli’, ‘Fenghuangli’, and ‘Yinhongli’ were utilized as the materials. The flowering phenology, pollen quantity, pollen viability of ‘Fengtangli’ and its pollinating cultivars, and stigma receptivity of ‘Fengtangli’, as well as the fruit set rate of ‘Fengtangli’ with different pollination combinations and different exogenous treatments were investigated. The results showed that the flowering period of the four test cultivars were consistent and overlapped with each other. The pollen quantity ranged from 504.76 to 1 622.64 grains. The pollen germination rate ranged from 34.47% to 51.22%, and the pollen viability was ranked as ‘Fenghuangli’>‘Siyueli’>‘Yinhongli’>‘Fengtangli’. The stigma receptivity of ‘Fengtangli’ was the strongest on the day of flowering. The highest fruit set rate was recorded in ‘Fenghuangli’ pollinated flowers (49.56%), while the lowest fruit set rate was observed in self-pollination (12.20%), indicating that ‘Fengtangli’ and ‘Fenghuangli’ had the highest pollination compatibility and ‘Fengtangli’ was self-compatible. In conclusion, the suitable pollinizers for ‘Fenghuangli’ in this experiment were: ‘Fenghuangli’>‘Siyueli’>‘Yinhongli’>‘Fengtangli’. In addition, spraying boron during flowering could effectively improve the fruit set rate of ‘Fengtangli’.

Key words: Prunus salicina Lindl.cv.‘Fengtangli’, flowering, pollination, fruit set rate, boron

中图分类号: 

S662.3

相关知识

蜂糖李树苗,蜂糖李树苗培育基地
蜂糖李不同时期的栽培管理技术要点
贵阳蜂糖李树苗,蜂糖李树苗培育基地
马蔺的花部构造及开花授粉生物学特性
蜂糖李子苗、蜂糖李子苗基地
紫藤的繁育系统和花粉、柱头生物学特性的研究
光照镇1500亩蜂糖李：“开出幸福花，结出致富果”
杏新品种生物学特性及配套栽培技术研究
澜沧舞花姜繁殖生物学特性及其进化意义探讨
甜樱桃生物学特性——花

网址: 蜂糖李开花授粉生物学特性 https://www.huajiangbk.com/newsview671808.html