小花山桃草营养器官解剖结构及其生态适应性研究

摘要： 通过石蜡切片法对外来入侵植物小花山桃草进行解剖学方面的研究，旨在揭示其入侵和蔓延的结构基础。结果表明：小花山桃草根的次生结构中次生木质部所占比例较大，约占整个横切面的2/3，导管数量多，平均达138.25个，管腔大，管径为85.37 μm；根和茎的木栓层均较发达，由6～7层扁平细胞组成；根和茎的次生韧皮部中存在大量含针晶细胞；小花山桃草的叶具典型的旱生植物叶片的结构特征：表皮为复表皮，上下表皮均有气孔分布，上表皮气孔密度为180 mm-2,下表皮气孔密度为266 mm-2；栅栏组织为双栅型，近轴面栅栏组织细胞2～3层，排列紧密而整齐，含叶绿体较多；叶片主脉木质部发达，由多列导管组成。上述特征说明小花山桃草的解剖结构对干旱生境有较强的适应性。

关键词: 小花山桃草, 石蜡切片, 解剖结构

Abstract: Gaura parviflora is one of the invasive plants, the anatomical structure of its vegetative organs was studied by the methods of paraffin section. The results showed that: In the secondary structure of the roots of G. parviflora，there was a larger proportion of secondary xylem, about two thirds of the entire cross section, the number of vessels averaged 138.25, and the lumen diameter was 85.37 μm; The cork of the roots and stems were both developed, which was composed of 6 to 7 layers of flat cells; there were many parachyma cells containing needle crystals in the secondary phloem; The leaves of G.parviflora had the typical characteristics of xerophytes leaves: the multiple epidermis; the stomata existed in both upper and lower epidermis，whose densities were 180 mm-2 and 266 mm-2, respectively; the palisade tissue was two-side palisade which included 2 to 3 layers of cylindrical cells in the upper side, with a lot of chloroplasts; the main vein of leaves had well developed xylem ,with a number of radial arranged vessels. The characters mentioned above showed that G.parviflora adapted well to the dry environment.

Key words: Gaura parviflora, paraffin section, anatomical structure

中图分类号: 

Q948.1

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