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植物物种鉴别中核基因条形码技术应用

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-11-20 17:24

植物物种鉴别中核基因条形码技术应用-生物技术论文-生物学论文 ——文章均为WORD文档，下载后可直接编辑使用亦可打印——植物生物技术论文第六篇：植物物种鉴别中核基因条形码技术应用　　摘要：DNA条形码是利用一个或几个短的标准DN 段，对物种进行快速准确鉴定的一种分子标记技术。核基因条形码序列具有进化速率快，长度保守，进化一致等优点，被广泛应用于植物分类、进化及亲缘关系分析等方面研究。单拷贝核基因序列进化速率中等，可以直接区分直系同源和旁系同源，没有内部重复，也没有明显的核苷酸偏向性，在研究植物分类和进化方面表现出较大优势，主要被用于物种间的亲缘关系及演变史、多倍体植物物种形成及系统关系分析、多倍体物种基因谱系的来源分析、多倍体物种的基因渗入现象等；多拷贝核基因序列在一些植物物种中可能与物种的早期分化联系更为紧密，较叶绿体DNA条形码更便于区分近缘物种，被广泛应用于被子植物科内、属内、属间关系系统发育研究，并用于药用植物及混伪品的鉴别分析。本综述主要概括总结了单拷贝核基因、多拷贝核基因ITS和ITS2序列在植物中的研究进展，探讨了核基因条形码目前研究存在的问题，并对今后的发展前景进行了展望。　　关键词：核基因条形码; 物种鉴定; 单拷贝核基因; ITS;　　Research Progress of Nuclear Gene Barcodes Identification Technology in Plants　　Bi Yufang Cai Hanjiang Pan Yanhong Wen Xing Wang Anke　　Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization,China National Bamboo Research Center　　Abstract：DNA barcoding is a molecular marker technique through the use of one or several short standard DNA fragments to quickly and accurately identify species. Nuclear gene barcoding sequences have the advantages of rapid evolution, conservative length and uniform evolution, and are widely used in plant classification, evolution and genetic relationship analysis. The single-copy nuclear gene sequence has a moderate evolutionary rate, which can directly distinguish direct homology and para-homology, without internal duplication or obvious nucleotide bias,showing great advantages in studying plant classification and evolution, which is mainly used for the analysis of genetic relationship and evolution between species, polyploid plant speciation and the analysis of systematic relationship, polyploid species genetic pedigree analysis, polyploid species gene infiltration phenomenon and so on. The multicopy nuclear gene sequences may be more closely related to the early differentiation of species in some plant species, are more convenient to distinguish related species than chloroplast DNA barcodes, which are widely used in the phylogenetic studies of i