入侵种西花蓟马与本地近缘种花蓟马的双基因鉴定

摘要： 快速准确的害虫种类识别是有效筛选天敌昆虫开展靶向性生物防控的关键。入侵种西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis与本地种花蓟马F. intonsa常同域同期同种寄主上发生，因体型小、形态相似，难以快速准确鉴定。本研究以mtDNA COI与rDNA ITS2基因为标记对我国10个采样点的西花蓟马和花蓟马开展分子鉴定研究。结果显示，当以COI或ITS2基因为靶标时，西花蓟马与花蓟马间的平均遗传距离分别为0.221和0.113，是种内遗传距离的22.1和18.8倍，且种内、种间遗传距离间无重叠，并在系统发育树上聚为独立的分支，表明2种基因均可准确区分西花蓟马和花蓟马。此外，基于COI基因构建的系统发育树，西花蓟马的各单倍型聚为了2个亚分支，并分别对应温室品系和羽扇豆品系，表明COI基因还可用于西花蓟马品系的识别鉴定。研究结果对近缘种花蓟马的快速鉴定、专食性天敌昆虫的筛选，及其生防效果评价具有重要意义。

关键词: 花蓟马, 西花蓟马, 近缘种, 双基因鉴定, 遗传距离, 系统发育分析

Abstract: Rapid and accurate species identification is crucial in natural enemy screening and management of pest insects by biological control. Two closely related thrips species, Frankliniella occidentalis (an invasive thrips species) and F. intonsa (a native thrips species), always occur simultaneously at the same district, during the same period or even on the same host plant. Since both thrips species are small in size and morphologically similar, it is very difficult to distinguish between the two of them rapidly. In the present study, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) genes were used to identify F. occidentalis and F. intonsa, collected from 10 different districts of seven provinces in China. The results based on COI and ITS2 genes indicated that the genetic distance between the two thrips species was 0.221 and 0.113, respectively, which were 22.1 and 18.8 times as high as the corresponding values within species, and no overlap was detected between inter-and intra-species genetic distances. The identification based on phylogenetic trees was consistent with those based on morphological characteristics for F. occidentalis and F. intonsa, indicating that both COI and ITS2 genes can be used to identify closely related species effectively. Moreover, when the COI gene sequence was analyzed, all the haplotypes from F. occidentalis assembled into two clades corresponding to glasshouse strain and lupin strain of this thrips. The results can benefit identification of closely related species accurately and rapidly, as well as screening and exploiting specialist natural enemies and evaluating their control efficacy.

Key words: Frankliniella intonsa, F.occidentalis, closely related species, identification based on double gene sequences, genetic distance, phylogenetic analysis

中图分类号: 

S433.89

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