河流生物栖息地调查及评估方法

摘要： 河流生物栖息地的研究是河流生态修复和流域环境管理的重要基础.本文概述了河流生物栖息地的分类、调查方法（包括调查范围、采样密度、采样季节和数据记录方式）以及调查数据处理等；并从物种与栖息地适宜性关系的角度出发，对目前国际上主要的栖息地评估方法（评估模型）的应用特点和应用范围进行了评述；最后，在探讨发达国家关于栖息地研究现状的基础上，提出了我国河流治理应从生物栖息地角度出发进行生态恢复建设.

关键词: 水动力学特性, 侵蚀动力机制, 产沙特征, 塿土堆积体

Abstract: The study of river habitat is the basis for river ecological restoration and basin environmental management. In this paper, the classification, survey methods (including survey scale, sampling density, sampling season, and data recording), and data processing of river habitat were introduced, and the characteristics and application scope of the main methods (or models) widely applied in the world for river habitat evaluation were reviewed from the aspect of the relationships between living species and habitat suitability. Based on the approach of the experiences and methods of habitat research in developed countries, it was suggested that the river regulation in China should be carried out from the viewpoint of river ecosystem restoration.

Key words: erosion dynamic mechanism, sediment characte-ristics, Lou soil engineering accumulation, hydrodynamic characteristics

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