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广东猪种质资源利用与育种生物技术创新

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2026-01-23 06:04

Utilization of Porcine Germplasm Resources in Guangdong and Innovation of Breeding Biotechnology[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 47(12): 134-143. DOI: 10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.12.014

Citation: Utilization of Porcine Germplasm Resources in Guangdong and Innovation of Breeding Biotechnology[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 47(12): 134-143. DOI: 10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.12.014

广东猪种质资源利用与育种生物技术创新

王塑天1,2, 孟繁明1,2, 李剑豪1,2

1. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所/畜禽育种国家重点实验室/广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室，广东广州 510610；2. 岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心，广东茂名 525000

基金项目: 广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金（高水平农科院建设）- 人才项目（R2019YJ-YB2004）；广东省农业科学院农业科技特派员精准扶贫乡村产业振兴支撑项目（KTP20190140）；广州市科技计划重点项目（201707020007）；广东省科技计划项目（2017A010405039）

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摘要

摘要: 我国是世界上最大的猪肉生产和消费国，广东是国内猪肉生产和消费大省。广东地方猪遗传资源丰富，优质猪种蓝塘猪、小耳花猪、大花白猪和粤东黑猪具有肉质好、繁殖力强，适应性好、耐热、抗逆抗病能力佳等特点。但随着国外更适合大规模生产的快大型猪种引入，地方猪的市场占有率受到强烈冲击。我国猪产业的可持续发展离不开多样的地方猪种质资源，地方猪种是满足市场多元化需求的源泉，因此多年来我国各科研院所、高校、企业在地方猪种质资源开发利用方面开展了大量工作。介绍了蓝塘猪、小耳花猪、大花白猪和粤东黑猪等优质种质资源的特点及相关利用研究，并综述了人工授精、体细胞核移植、基因组选择、干细胞技术、基因编辑技术等现代生物技术在地方猪育种中的应用，以期为广东地方猪育种工作提供参考。

Abstract: China is the largest producer and consumer of pork in the world, and Guangdong province is a major producer and consumer of pork in China. Guangdong is rich in local porcine germplasm resources, and Lantang pig, smallear spotted pig, large black-white pig and Yuedong black pig are characterized by good meat quality, strong reproductive ability and adaptability, and high resistance to heat and disease. However, with the introduction of high quality foreign breeding swines which are more suitable for mass production, the market share of domestic pigs has been strongly impacted. The sustainable development of Chinese pig production is inseparable from local porcine germplasm resources. Local porcine germplasm resources are sources of diverse market needs. Over the years, Chinese research institutes, universities and enterprises have done a lot of work in the development and utilization of local porcine germplasm resources in Guangdong. The characteristics and utilization of Lantang pig, small-ear spotted pig, large black-white pig and Yuedong black pig were introduced. Moreover, in order to provide references for local pig breeding work in Guangdong, the modern biotechnology such as artificial insemination, somatic cell nuclear transfer, genomic selection, stem cell technology and gene editing technology which have been used in local pig breeding were summarized.

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