首页分享泡桐研究进展与展望

泡桐研究进展与展望

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2026-01-14 12:40

摘要：

泡桐原产中国，栽培历史悠久，其材质优良，纹理美观，且具有良好的导音性能，除用作建筑材料外，还广泛用于家具制造、乐器制作以及装饰板材，在保障木材供应、改善生态环境、推动乡村振兴和助力“一带一路”建设等方面均发挥着不可或缺的作用。然而，泡桐在实际生产应用中存在优良品种少、冠大干低和泡桐丛枝病发生严重等问题。自20世纪60年代以来，在泡桐的生物学特性、种质资源收集与保存、新种质创制与新品种培育、栽培技术、丛枝病发生机理与防治，以及资源开发与利用等方面开展了深入研究，并取得了一系列原创性理论与应用成果，奠定了我国在泡桐研究领域的国际领先地位。鉴于现有泡桐综述多侧重于局部成果，缺乏全面整合，本文系统梳理了泡桐研究的最新核心进展，涵盖基础生物学、育种与栽培技术、加工利用等方向。同时，深入探讨当前泡桐研究中存在的问题，展望未来研究方向与产业发展前景，并提出进一步深化基础研究、推动育种从“经验育种”向“精准设计育种”转型、提升附加值以实现高值化综合利用的建议，以期推动泡桐深入研究和可持续利用，促进泡桐产业及林业高质量发展。

关键词: 泡桐, 基础生物学, 育种, 栽培技术, 加工利用

Abstract:

Paulownia is native to China and has a long history of cultivation. It has excellent material quality, beautiful texture and good sound conduction performance. Besides being used as a building material, Paulownia is also widely applied in furniture manufacturing, musical instrument making and the production of decorative boards. Paulownia trees play an indispensable role in ensuring wood supply, improving the ecological environment, promoting the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, and supporting the construction of the “Belt and Road Initiative”. However, in actual production and application, there are issues such as a scarcity of superior varieties, large crowns and low stems, and a serious occurrence of Paulownia witches’ broom (PaWB). Since the 1960s, researchers have conducted in-depth studies on these issues, covering the biological characteristics of Paulownia, the collection and preservation of germplasm resources, the creation of new germplasm and the breeding of new varieties, green cultivation techniques, the mechanism and control of PaWB, and the development and utilization of resources. They have achieved a series of original theoretical and application results, establishing China’s leading position internationally in this field. Given that most existing reviews on Paulownia focus on local achievements and lack comprehensive integration, this paper systematically reviews the latest core progress in Paulownia research, covering basic biological research, germplasm resource collection, breeding and cultivation techniques, as well as processing and utilization. Meanwhile, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis and discussion of the existing problems in current research and looks forward to future research directions and industrial development. It also puts forward suggestions for further deepening basic research, promoting the transformation of Paulownia breeding from “empirical breeding” to “precise design breeding,” and increasing the added value of Paulownia to achieve high-value comprehensive utilization, in order to promote in-depth researchand and sustainable utilization of Paulownia, and facilitating the high-quality development of the Paulownia industry and forestry undertakings.

Key words: Paulownia, basic biology, breeding, cultivation technology, processing and utilization

中图分类号:

S722.3