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分子标记辅助选择小麦赤霉病抗病基因聚合体

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-10-31 06:05

摘要: 赤霉病和条锈病是小麦的两种主要病害，两种病害都会影响小麦的品质和产量。贵协2号高抗条锈病、感赤霉病，NMAS22高抗赤霉病并携带4个抗赤霉病基因。为选育抗赤霉病、抗条锈病的品种，本研究将贵协2号与NMAS22组配，在其分离世代（F2）采用自然诱发法、单花滴注法分别对条锈病和赤霉病进行抗性鉴定，同时利用与抗赤霉病基因Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5紧密连锁的6个分子标记对群体中条锈病抗病株进行检测，筛选具有单个或多个抗赤霉病基因组合的抗病株。抗性鉴定显示，共有349个单株抗条锈病，467个单株抗赤霉病；分子检测显示，携带Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5基因的单株分别有201,245,248,194株，同时携带有2,3,4个基因的单株分别有79,140,85株。相关分析显示，携带Fhb1基因与赤霉病抗性呈极显著相关。

Abstract: Fusarium head blight（FHB） and stripe rust（SR） are two diseases of wheat, which affect wheat yield and quality. Guixie2 was highly resistant to SR but susceptible to FHB, while NMAS22 resistant to FHB and carrying 4 FHB resistance genes. To breed varieties with FHB and SR resistance, Guixie2 was crossed with NMAS22. Natural induction and single flower drip methods were used to identify SR and FHB resistance of plants for F2 population, respectively. Six closely linked molecular markers of FHB resistance genes Fhb1, Fhb2, Fhb4 and Fhb5, were used to detect the stripe rust resistant plants and resistant plants with one or many gene combinations resistant to FHB were screened. The results showed that there were 349 plants resistant to SR, while 467 plants resistant to FHB. According to molecular detection, there were 201, 245, 248 and 194 plants with resistance gene Fhb1, Fhb2, Fhb4 and Fhb5, respectively. The results of genes combination showed that there were 79, 140 and 85 plants with 2, 3 and 4 resistance genes, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that Fhb1 gene was significantly related to FHB resistance.

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