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极小种群野生植物波叶杜鹃的花部特征和繁育系统研究

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-10-30 07:37

图 1 波叶杜鹃开花周期

注：a) 花蕾期；b) 盛花期；c) 凋谢期；标尺=1 cm。

Figure 1. Flowering stage of Rhododendron hemsleyanum

Note: a) bud stage; b) blooming stage; c) withering stage; bars=1 cm

图 2 波叶杜鹃的开花振幅

Figure 2. Amplitude of inflorescence in R. hemsleyanum

图 3 波叶杜鹃在花朵开放时期的花粉活力和柱头可授性

Figure 3. Pollen vitality and stigma receptivity during flower stage of R. hemsleyanum

图 4 波叶杜鹃主要访花者/传粉者

注：a)~c) 中华蜜蜂；d)~f) 排蜂；标尺=1 cm。

Figure 4. Major visitors/pollinators of R. hemsleyanum

Note: a)-c) Apis cerana; d)-f) A. dorsata; bars=1 cm

表 1 波叶杜鹃花部特征

Table 1 Floral syndrome of Rhododendron hemsleyanum

指标
indexes最小值
minimum最大值
maximum平均值
mean标准差
standard deviation变异系数/%
coefficient of variation 花瓣长/mm petal length 16.11 28.57 23.54 2.59 11.00 花瓣宽 /mm petal width 15.59 24.01 18.11 3.14 17.33 花冠直径/mm flower diameter 30.17 76.47 43.05 4.11 9.55 柱头宽 /mm stigma diameter 3.01 4.79 4.34 0.92 21.20 花柱长/mm style length 39.34 52.07 45.29 3.79 8.37 花梗长/mm pedicel length 26.55 46.59 34.31 4.17 12.15 花丝长/mm filament length 19.17 28.03 24.59 4.77 19.40 花萼长/mm calyx length 1.12 1.76 1.47 0.74 50.34 花药长/mm anther length 2.87 4.52 3.62 1.01 27.90 子房长/mm ovary length 6.21 8.27 7.14 3.14 44.00 子房宽/mm ovary width 4.14 7.69 5.29 1.02 19.28 柱头与花药最短距离/mm
shortest distance of stigma to anthers 16.74 41.20 28.43 3.57 12.56

表 2 不同授粉方式处理后波叶杜鹃的结实率

Table 2 Fruit set of R. hemsleyanum under different pollination treatments

授粉方式
pollination treatments花序数量
number of inflorescences授粉花数量
number of flowers果实数量
number of fruits结实率/%
fruit set 自然对照 natural pollination 10 30 17 56.67 去雄套袋 emasculated and bagged 10 30 0 0 去雄不套袋 emasculation is not bagged 10 30 15 50.00 自花授粉 autonomous self-fertilization 10 30 2 6.67 同株异花授粉 strains cross-pollination 10 30 23 76.67 异株异花授粉 different strains cross-pollination 10 30 26 86.67

表 3 波叶杜鹃访花昆虫

Table 3 Flower visiting insects of R. hemsleyanum

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