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丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)介导植物矿质元素吸收机制的研究进展

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-09-30 10:18

摘要： 近年来，由于城市工业的不断发展和化学肥料的过度使用，土壤矿质元素匮乏以及污染等问题严重影响我国农业的可持续发展。丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF)作为天然的生物菌肥，可以有效促进植物对矿质元素的吸收并改善其生长状况，同时在重金属污染的土壤中又可以减轻重金属对植物的毒性，增强植物对环境变化的适应性。目前，AMF调控植物矿质元素吸收的生理及分子机制的研究已取得了重大进展，大量的菌根诱导基因被识别，但缺乏系统全面的总结。基于此，本文对国内外AMF调控植物矿质元素吸收的相关研究进行了归纳与总结，从AMF影响植物摄取大量元素和微量元素的生理机制及分子机理、AMF缓解植物重金属毒性的作用机制进行了综述,并根据现有研究的挑战与不足提出了展望，旨在为深入理解AMF影响植物对矿质元素的吸收机制和生物菌肥的农业应用等提供一定的科学依据。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 大量元素, 微量元素, 吸收机制, 农业应用

Abstract: In recent years,due to the continuous development of urban industry and the excessive use of chemical fertilizers,the lack of mineral elements and pollution in soil have seriously affected the sustainable development of agriculture. As a natural biological bacterial fertilizer,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is able to effectively promote the absorption of mineral elements and improve growth conditions around plants. At the same time,in heavy metal contaminated soils,AMF can reduce the toxicity of heavy metal to plants and enhance the adaptability of plants to environmental changes. Up to now,great progress has been made in the researches on the physiological and molecular mechanism of AMF regulating the absorption of mineral elements by plants. A large number of mycorrhizal-induced genes have been identified,but a systematic and comprehensive summary is still lacking. Based on this,this paper summarized the relevant studies on AMF regulating the absorption of mineral elements in plants at home and abroad,and reviewed literature on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of AMF affecting the uptake of macroelements and trace elements by plants,and the mechanism of AMF alleviating the heavy metal toxicity to plant. According to the challenges and deficiencies of existing researches,the outlook is put forward,which aims to provide a certain scientific basis for the in-depth understanding of the mechanism of AMF affecting the absorption of mineral elements by plants and the agricultural application of biological bacterial fertilizer.

Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Macroelements, Trace elements, Absorption mechanism, Agricultural application

中图分类号:

S144

网址: 丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)介导植物矿质元素吸收机制的研究进展 https://www.huajiangbk.com/newsview2390412.html

所属分类：花卉