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LED红蓝光配比对番茄生长和光合的影响

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-09-26 09:04

摘要： 以番茄品种‘普罗旺斯’为材料，在双拱钢架日光温室内进行人工补光试验，设置T1（2R3B，即红光/蓝光珠数配比R:B=2:3)、T2（4R1B)、T3（6R1B)、T4（7R1B)四组红蓝光处理，以不进行人工补光为对照（CK)，探究温室番茄生长和光合响应最优的红蓝光配比。结果表明，在T1处理下35d后，番茄的株高、SPAD、蒸腾速率（Tr)和光化学淬灭系数（qP)较对照组分别显著提高26.7%、19.6%、107.6%和34.3%。在T3处理下35d后，番茄的茎粗、花朵数、净光合速率（Pn)、胞间CO2浓度（Ci)、气孔导度（Gs)、实际光化学效率（ΦPSⅡ)和电子传输速率（ETR)较对照组分别显著提高26.9%、38.6%、133.7%、5.9%、183.3%、31.3%和30.9%。在T4处理下35d后，最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm)较对照组分别显著提高4.0%。在对设施番茄进行不同配比红蓝光补光处理下，较对照组可显著促进番茄的生长及光合作用，在本试验设置的2R3B、4R1B、6R1B、7R1B四组红蓝组合光处理中，6R1B（红/蓝光珠数配比R:B=6:1)处理下各项指标表现的综合效果最佳，可为温室番茄栽培LED补光提供一定的理论指导。

关键词: LED, 番茄, 光合, 红蓝光, 生长

Abstract: The tomato variety 'Provence' was used as the material, and the artificial light supplement test was carried out in the double-arch steel frame solar greenhouse, and T1 (2R3B, the ratio of red/blue light beads R:B=2:3), T2 (4R1B), T3 (6R1B), T4 (7R1B) four groups of red and blue light treatments were set up, and no artificial light was used as the control (CK) to explore the optimal red and blue light ratio for greenhouse tomato growth and photosynthetic response. The results showed that after 35 days of T1 treatment, the plant height, SPAD, transpiration rate (Tr) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) of tomato were significantly increased by 26.7%, 19.6%, 107.6% and 34.3%, respectively, compared with the control group. After 35 days of T3 treatment, the stem diameter, flower number, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (Gs), actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII) and electron transport rate (ETR) of tomato were significantly increased by 26.9%, 38.6%, 133.7%, 5.9%, 183.3%, 31.3% and 30.9%, respectively, compared with the control group. After 35 days of T4 treatment, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) was significantly increased by 4.0% compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the growth and photosynthesis of tomato could be significantly promoted under different red and blue light supplement treatments. Among the four red and blue combination light treatments of 2R3B, 4R1B, 6R1B and 7R1B in this experiment, the comprehensive effect of each index under 6R1B treatment was the best, which could provide some theoretical guidance for LED light supplement in greenhouse tomato cultivation.

Key words: LED, Tomato, Photosynthesis, Red and blue light, Grow