酸化土壤改良与固碳研究进展

酸化土壤改良与固碳研究进展

DOI:

基金项目:

云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AE090054);国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系(CARS-26)

Research progress of acidified soil amelioration and carbon sequestration

Author:

LI Jinye

College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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CHENG Hao

College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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LIANG Xiaomin

College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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CHEN Yilin

College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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WU Songwei

College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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HU Chengxiao

College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for New-Type Fertilizer/Microelement Research Center of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Fund Project:

the Modern Citrus Industry Technology System of China (CARS-26)

摘要:

土壤酸化已成为全球农业系统中最严重的土地退化问题之一。综述了土壤酸化的自然和人为驱动因素及过程,土壤酸化对土壤无机碳和有机碳的影响;比较了有机、无机、生物和复合改良剂改良土壤酸性、培育基础肥力和增加有机碳库的优缺点。基于此,为推进土壤酸性改良、基础肥力培育与有机碳库协同提升,经过总结分析提出:(1)建立土壤酸性与碱酸离子组成关系的量化模型,构建土壤酸性-基础肥力-有机碳库相互作用机制模型,形成以"离子平衡"和"多功能协同"改良酸性土壤的理论框架;(2)基于酸碱离子平衡的土壤酸性分级指标、土壤-作物系统酸碱离子平衡计量方法,明确土壤酸碱离子平衡、养分离子活化、含碳组分稳固的协同路径和降酸、培肥、固碳、减污协同提升的土壤功能技术,构建化肥配施无机改良剂的离子平衡精准改良土壤酸性技术体系和有机-无机-生物联合的多功能协同提升绿色改良酸性土壤技术体系。研究旨在为我国农业的绿色可持续发展提供借鉴。

Abstract:

Soil acidification has become one of the most serious land degradation issues in agricultural systems worldwide. In this paper, we reviewed the natural and anthropogenic driving factors and processes of soil acidification and the influence mechanism of soil acidification on soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and organic carbon (SOC), compared the advantages and disadvantages of organic, inorganic, biological and compound amendments in improving soil acidity, cultivating basic fertility and increasing organic carbon pool. Based on these, to jointly promote soil acidity improvement, basic fertility cultivation and SOC improvement, we have summarized and proposed to (i) establish a quantitative model of the relationship between soil acidity, alkalinity and acid ion composition, construct the interaction mechanism model of soil acidity, basic fertility and organic carbon pool, form a theoretical framework for improving acid soil by ion balance and multifunctional collaboration. (ii) Clarify the synergistic path of soil acid-base ion balance, nutrient ion activation and stabilization of carbon-containing components, as well as the synergistic enhancement technology of soil function for acid reduction, fertilizer cultivation, carbon sequestration and pollution reduction based on the acid-base ion balance classification index of soil and the acid-base ion balance measurement method of the soil-crop system, establish the technology system for precise improving soil acidity by ion balance of fertilizer combined with inorganic amendment, and green improving soil acidity by organic, inorganic and biological multi-functional synergistic. The study can provide a reference for the green and sustainable development of China's agriculture.

李金业,程昊,梁晓敏,陈祎霖,武松伟,胡承孝.酸化土壤改良与固碳研究进展.生态学报,2024,44(17):7871~7884

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