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外源海藻糖对美国红枫叶片转色的影响

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-09-10 22:16

摘要:

为研究喷施外源海藻糖对美国红枫叶片转色的影响，以1年生美国红枫‘自由人槭’盆栽苗为试验材料，放入气候室内对叶面喷施不同浓度（5、10、20、30 mmol/L）的海藻糖溶液，以喷施清水为对照组，分析变色前期、初期、中期、末期4个阶段中美国红枫叶片色彩参数和生理特征，探究影响美国红枫叶片呈色的关键生理因素。结果表明：在低温胁迫条件下，喷施不同浓度的海藻糖溶液对美国红枫叶片转色均有不同程度的影响，变色前期各处理间差异较小，随着叶片由绿色逐渐转为红色，变色初期、中期、末期叶片叶色参数a*值变化幅度较大，呈上升趋势，光合色素含量不断下降，可溶性糖、花色素苷、丙二醛含量增加，过氧化物酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性提高。与各处理相比，10、20 mmol/L外源海藻糖溶液均能提升美国红枫叶片的色素含量，其中10 mmol/L外源海藻糖溶液能够明显增加可溶性糖、花色素苷和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性，说明喷施10 mmol/L外源海藻糖溶液效果最为显著。相关分析表明，过氧化物酶活性和可溶性蛋白与叶色参数、光合色素、花色素苷、丙二醛、可溶性糖均无相关性。在美国红枫叶片转色期间，影响美国红枫叶片转红的主要因素是可溶性糖含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性和花色素苷，喷施10 mmol/L外源海藻糖溶液可以缓解低温胁迫对美国红枫叶片造成的损伤，促进美国红枫叶片转色，延长变色期。

Abstract:

To study the effect of spraying exogenous trehalose on the color change of Acer rubrum var. trilobum leaves, one-year-old A. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple' potted seedlings were used as experimental materials. They were placed in a climate chamber with the leaves being sprayed with trehalose solutions of different concentrations at 5, 10, 20 and 30 mmol/L. The control group was sprayed with clean water. The color parameters and physiological characteristics of the leaves in the 4 stages of color change, namely the pre-coloring, early, middle, and end stages, were analyzed to explore the key influencing factors. The findings revealed that under low-temperature stress, spraying different concentrations of trehalose solution had different degrees of effect on the color change of A. rubrum var. trilobum leaves. There was minor difference among the treatments in pre-coloring stage. As the leaves gradually turned from green to red, the color parameter a* value changed significantly in the early, middle and late stages, demonstrating an upward trend. The content of photosynthetic pigments continued to decrease, whereas the contents of soluble sugar, anthocyanin and malondialdehyde increased. The activity of peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase also increased. Compared with each treatment, 10 mmol/L(H2) and 20 mmol/L(H3) exogenous trehalose solutions both increased the pigment content of the leaves, among which H2 solution significantly increased the content of soluble sugar, anthocyanin, and PAL activity, indicating its most significant effect. Correlation analysis showed no correlation between peroxidase activity and soluble protein on leaf color parameters, photosynthetic pigments, anthocyanin glycosides, malondialdehyde, and soluble sugars. The main factors affecting the reddening of A. rubrum var. trilobum leaves during its color change period are soluble sugar content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity and anthocyanins. Spraying 10 mmol/L(H2) exogenous trehalose solution could alleviate the damage caused by low-temperature stress on the leaves, promoting the color change with extended coloring period.

图 1 美国红枫‘自由人槭’各时期叶片色彩变化

Figure 1. Leaf colour changes in A. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple' throughout different periods

图 2 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶色参数变化

Figure 2. Changes in leaf colour parameters during the colour change period ofA. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple'

图 3 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶片饱和度C和色泽比H变化

Figure 3. Changes in leaf saturation C and colour ratio H during colour change period ofA. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple'

图 4 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶片光合色素含量变化

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 4. Changes in photosynthetic pigment content of leaves of 'freeman maple' during the colour change period

图 5 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶片过氧化物酶和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性变化

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05)。

Figure 5. Changes in leaf peroxidase activity and phenylalanine deaminase activity during colour change in A. rubrum var. trilobum 'Freeman maple'

图 6 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶片MDA醛含量变化

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 6. Changes in malondialdehyde content of A. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple' leaves during the colour change period

图 7 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶片可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量变化

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 7. Changes in leaf soluble protein and soluble sugar content during the colour change period ofA. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple'

图 8 美国红枫‘自由人槭’变色期叶片花色素苷含量变化

Figure 8. Changes in the content of anthocyanin glycosides in leaves of A. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple' during the colour change period

图 9 美国红枫‘自由人槭’叶片内生理指标相关性分析

*表示显著相关（P<0.05），**表示极显著相关（P<0.01）。

Figure 9. Correlation analysis of physiological indicators within leaves of A. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple'

图 10 美国红枫‘自由人槭’叶片内生理指标的主成分分析

Figure 10. Principal component analysis of physiological indices within leaves of A. rubrum var. trilobum 'freeman maple'

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