玉米自交系小斑病抗性鉴定及遗传参数分析

摘要： 以8份玉米自交系及其组配的28个杂交组合为试验材料，采用人工接种方法，对小斑病病株率进行调查，计算病情指数，并对病情指数配合力及遗传力等遗传参数进行分析，为供试玉米自交系在抗小斑病种质改良、品种选育等方面的应用提供理论依据。结果表明，不同玉米自交系对小斑病的抗性总体上存在显著差异，其中，浚313表现高抗，Mo17表现抗，浚50X、丹340、浚SN12E表现中抗，B73表现感，鲁9801、昌7-2表现高感；浚313所组配的组合抗性表现相对较好，昌7-2组配的组合抗性相对较差。8份玉米自交系一般配合力效应差别较大，一般配合力和特殊配合力均呈现正负两向效应；浚SN12E作母（父）本组配的杂交组合特殊配合力效应值均为负（正）值；亲本及组配方式对杂交后代的小斑病抗性有极显著影响。小斑病病情指数的广义遗传力为89.73%，狭义遗传力为56.61%；该性状的遗传以加性效应为主，存在一定的非加性效应；该性状受环境因素影响不明显，可在早期世代进行重点选择。

关键词: 玉米自交系, 小斑病, 抗性, 病情指数, 配合力, 遗传参数

Abstract: Eight maize inbred lines and twenty‑eight hybrid combinations matched with the eight inbred lines were as materials，artificial inoculation method was used，and disease incidence and disease index of southern leaf blight，genetic parameters such as combining ability and heritability of disease index were analyzed，so as to provide a theoretical basis for application of maize inbred lines in germplasm improvement and variety breeding. The results showed that the resistance to southern leaf blight of different maize inbred lines was generally significantly different，Xun 313 showed high resistance，Mo17 showed resistance，Xun 50X，Dan 340 and Xun SN12E showed moderate resistance，B73 showed susceptibility，and Lu 9801 and Chang 7‑2 showed high susceptibility. In addition，the combinations matched with Xun 313 as one parent showed better resistance，and the combinations matched with Chang 7‑2 as one parent showed poorer resistance.The general combining ability（GCA）effects of eight inbred lines were largely different，and GCA and specific combining ability（SCA）all showed positive and negative effects；SCA effect values of combinations matched with Xun SN12E as female（male）parent were all negative（positive）；the parent and their combining types had extremely significant effect on the resistance to southern leaf blight of hybrid progeny.The broad‑sense heritability of disease index of southern leaf blight was 89.73%，and the narrow‑sense heritability of disease index of southern leaf blight was 56.61%；the heredity of disease index of southern leaf blight was major in additive effects，while there was certain non‑additive effect，and this trait was influenced little by environmental factors，so it should be selected in earlier generations.

Key words: Maize inbred line, Southern leaf blight, Resistance, Disease index, Combining ability, Genetic parameter

中图分类号: 

S513

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