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美国白蛾天敌昆虫应用研究进展

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-08-28 19:02

摘要： 美国白蛾是一种国际检疫性害虫，原产于北美。由于美国白蛾强大的扩散能力、较长的为害期以及快速繁殖等特性，目前已有35个国家报道了其入侵记录。自1979年美国白蛾在辽宁丹东发现以来，不断地向我国南方地区扩散。因此，根除全部种群已不可能，采取持续有效的生物防控策略是可行的途径。本文总结了国内外美国白蛾的捕食性和寄生性天敌种类，比较了不同地区和不同发生期美国白蛾天敌的多样性，并对利用本地天敌和引进原产地天敌防治美国白蛾的应用技术进行了归纳分析。原产地天敌对美国白蛾具有更强的适应性和攻击性，通过引进原产地天敌可望实现更加持续有效的控制作用。最后展望了天敌昆虫控制美国白蛾的应用前景。

关键词: 美国白蛾, 天敌昆虫, 生物防治, 入侵害虫, 天敌应用

Abstract: The fall webworm is an international quarantine insect pest which is native to North America. It has been reported to have invaded 35 countries, as its strong dispersal ability, long damage period, and high fertility. Since it was discovered in Dandong City, Liaoning Province in northern China in 1979, the fall webworm has been spread towards the southern regions of China. Therefore, eradication is impossible, sustainable biological control would be a feasible approach. In this article, we summarized the predatory and parasitic species that served as natural enemies of the fall webworm worldwide. The diversity of natural enemies of fall webworm has been compared among different regions and different occurrence periods. Biological control techniques by using local and introduced natural enemies against the fall webworm have been summarized and analyzed. The introduction of natural enemies from its native ranges could achieve more effective control on the fall webworm populations, as native natural enemies were more adaptative to hosts with higher attack capability. Finally, the utilization prospects of natural enemies in controlling the fall webworm were discussed.

Key words: Hyphantria cunea, natural enemy insects, biological control, invasive insect pest, utilization of natural enemies

中图分类号:

S476