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臺北典藏植物園

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-07-30 01:58

小槐花

豆科

學名：Ohwia caudata (Thunb.) H.Ohashi

別名：銳葉小槐花、磨草、茉草、抹草、魔草、魔仔草、魅草

特色簡介Feature Description

別名「抹草」、「茉草」的小槐花，是習俗上用來驅邪避煞的避邪植物，摘下葉片浸泡在水中製作淨水，用於日常化煞淨身，也在端午節洗浴或和菖蒲、艾草、榕樹葉一起懸掛家門。近年開發香包、香皂、噴霧劑，使用上更方便。它的莢果表面有許多細鉤毛，容易沾黏在動物毛皮或衣物上，從前孩子們會將它黏在衣服上用來拼字貼圖，當作趣味童玩。

Commonly also known as "Mochao" in Chinese, the plant is used to exorcise evil spirit as a folk custom. People used to pick the leaves and soaked them in water to make sacred water for body cleansing to ward off evils on regular days or during Dragon Boat Festival, hung by the door together with calamus, wormwood and bangyan leaves. In recent years, they are made into sachets, soaps and sprays for convenience. The pods are covered with fine glochids which are easily attached on animal fur or clothing. In the past, children used to stick them on clothing to collage words or patterns for fun.

簡介Description

小槐花屬常綠灌木，臺灣原生，廣佈南亞、東亞亞熱帶至熱帶氣候區。易分枝，樹皮深褐色。三出複葉；小葉披針形，葉面為綠色，葉背為白綠色。總狀花序，蝶形花綠白色。莢果有節易斷裂，表面有細鉤毛，能勾黏動物毛皮與衣物。種子為圓形，褐色。花果期7~11月。

An evergreen shrub in the genus Ohwia, native to Taiwan and widely spread in South Asia, East Asia, subtropical to tropical regions. Easily branched, bark dark brown in color. Leaves triternate compound leaves; leaflets lanceolate, green above and white-green below. Racemes, butterfly-shaped flowers colored green-white. The pods are noded and easily break, covered with fine glochids which are easily attached on animal furs and clothes. Seeds round and brown. Flowering and fruiting from July to November.

栽培Cultivation

全日照或半日照環境，土壤須有良好的排水性及豐富的腐植質。以種子或扦插繁殖。

The plant grows in a full sun or partial sun environment, and requires well-drained soils rich in humus. Propagated from seeds or cuttings.

應用Application

可作庭園景觀植物、綠籬、盆栽。民間用於作驅邪、避陰、去煞的風水植物或護身植物。全株可入藥。根與固氮菌共生，可固氮增進土壤肥力。

Suitably used as garden landscape plants, hedges and potted plants. It’s a traditional folk plant often used for feng shui or to exorcise evil, evil spirits and imprevius; also a medicinal plant. The symbiosis of roots and nitrogen-fixing bacteria can fix nitrogen and increase soil fertility.