激素调控种子休眠与萌发分子机制研究进展

摘要：

种子休眠和萌发过程受到内源激素分子和外界环境因子的精确调控,脱落酸、赤霉素、生长素等激素在这一过程发挥重要调控作用,其中脱落酸和赤霉素是核心激素,脱落酸负责诱导和维持种子休眠,赤霉素促进种子萌发。通过总结激素调控种子休眠和萌发的最新研究进展,阐述内源激素含量变化、其合成与代谢途径关键基因与信号转导组分在种子休眠和萌发中的重要作用和分子机制,为进一步利用调控机制为农作物的产量提高和品质改良提供参考。

关键词: 种子休眠, 种子萌发, 激素, 分子机制

Abstract:

Endogenous phytohormones and external environmental signals precisely regulate the processes of seed dormancy and germination, endogenous hormones, such as abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellins (GA), auxin, etc. play important roles in these processes, among which ABA and GA are the primary hormones, ABA is a major inducer and protector of seed dormancy, whereas GA breaks dormancy and stimulates seed germination. In this review, we summarize the emerging findings concerning seed dormancy and germination controlling by phytohormones. We describe the regulatory roles of the changes of endogenous hormone levels and components involved in phytohormone metabolism (biosynthesis and catabolism) and signaling cascades during these processes. We also discuss molecular mechanisms of the crosstalk of diverse hormonal signals in seed dormancy and germination. The regulatory mechanisms would provide references for crop yield improvement and quality improvement.

Key words: seed dormancy, seed germination, hormone, molecular mechanism

中图分类号: 

Q945.3

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