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早花忍冬Lonicera praeflorens Batal.

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-09-27 08:56

早花忍冬Lonicera praeflorens Batal.

别名：王八骨头;忍冬;

科名：忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae

属名：忍冬属 Lonicera

《中国植物志》第72卷207页
  54. 早花忍冬（东北木本植物图志）图版52：1-2
  Lonicera praeflorens Batal. in Acta Hort. Petrop. 12: 169. 1892; Rehd. Syn. Lonicera 90, pl. 13 and 14. 1903; Pojark. in Fl. URSS 23: 515, Tab. 26, fig. 1. 1958; Fukuoka in Mem. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 3: 344, fig. 23. 1970; Kitag. Neo-Lineam. Fl. Mansh. 590. 1979.
  落叶灌木，高达2米；幼枝黄褐色，疏被开展糙毛和短硬毛及疏腺，老枝灰褐色。冬芽卵形；顶端尖，有数对鳞片。叶纸质，宽卵形、菱状宽卵形或卵状椭圆形，长3-7.5厘米，顶端锐尖或短尖，基部宽楔形至圆形而两侧不等，两面密被绢丝状糙伏毛，下面绿白色，毛尤密，脉更明显，边缘有长睫毛；叶柄长3-5毫米，密被混杂的长、短开展糙毛。花先叶开放，总花梗极短，常为芽鳞所覆盖，果时长达12毫米，被糙毛及腺；苞片宽披针形至狭卵形，初时带红色，长5-7毫米，边缘有糙睫毛及腺；相邻两萼筒分离，近圆形，无毛，萼檐盆状，萼齿宽卵形，不相等，有腺缘毛；花冠淡紫色，漏斗状，长约1厘米，外面无毛，近整齐裂片矩圆形，长6-7毫米，顶端钝，比筒长2倍，反曲；雄蕊和花柱均伸出；花柱无毛。果实红色，圆形，直径6-8毫米；种子淡褐色，矩圆形，长达4.5毫米。花期4月，果熟期5-6月。
  产东北三省的东南部。生于山坡林内及灌丛中，海拔250-600米。朝鲜、日本和苏联远东地区也有分布。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 19 (2011)
Lonicera praeflorens Batalin Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada. 12: 169. 1892.
早花忍冬 zao hua ren dong
Shrubs, deciduous, to 2 m tall. Winter buds with a pair of acute, cartilaginous outer scales covering membranous inner scales. Young branches usually with long spreading hairs. Petiole 3-5 mm, densely villous; leaf blade broadly ovate, 1-7.5 × 0.9-4.5 cm, both surfaces densely adpressed pubescent, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin ciliate, apex acute to apiculate. Inflorescences axillary paired flowers and at base of new shoots, flowers opening early in season; peduncle very short, usually concealed by bud scales at anthesis, to 1.2 cm at fruiting stage, usually glabrous; bracts broadly lanceolate, 3-7 mm, margin often ciliate and glandular; bracteoles absent. Paired ovaries free, suborbicular, usually glabrous. Calyx cupular, sometimes shallowly lobed, ciliate. Corolla yellowish white to pink, subregular, funnelform, ca. 1 cm, outside glabrous, deeply lobed; lobes erect to recurved, oblong, 6-7 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens and style exserted; anthers dark pink; style glabrous. Berries red, globose, 6-8 mm in diam.; seeds brownish, oblong, ca. 4.5 mm, smooth. Fl. Apr, fr. May-Jun. 2n = 18.
Forests, scrub; 200-600 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning [Japan, Korea, Russia].