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林生假福王草Paraprenanthes sylvicola Shih

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-05-06 22:51

林生假福王草Paraprenanthes sylvicola Shih

别名：异叶莴苣;

科名：菊科 Compositae

属名：假福王草属 Paraprenanthes

《中国植物志》第80(1)卷172页
  1.林生假福王草图版40: 3-4
  Paraprenanthes sylvicola Shih in Act. Phytotax. Sin. 26: 419. 1988.——Lactuca diversifolia auct. non Vaniot: 中国高等植物图鉴4: 693.图6799, 1975. ——Lactuca sororia auct. non Miq.: 中国高等植物图鉴4: 694.图6801. 1975.
  一年生草本，高50-150厘米。茎直立，单生，上部总状圆锥花序状或狭圆锥花序状分枝，分枝纤细，全部茎枝光滑无毛。基生叶及中下部茎叶三角状戟形或卵状戟形，长5.5-15厘米，宽4.5-9厘米，顶端急尖或渐尖，边缘波状浅锯齿，有小尖头，基部戟形或心形或截形，叶柄长5-9厘米，有翼或无翼；上部茎叶或花序下部的叶与基生叶及中下部茎叶同形，或三角形、椭圆状披针形，有长1.5-2.5厘米的翼柄或无翼柄。全部叶两面光滑无毛。头状花序多数或少数，在茎枝顶端排列成总状圆锥花序或狭圆锥花序。总苞片4层，外层及最外层最短，卵状三角形或长三角形，长1-2毫米，宽0.5-0.7毫米，顶端急尖，内层及最内层长，线状长椭圆形或宽线形，长9-10毫米，宽约1毫米，顶端急尖或钝；全部总苞片绿色，极少染红紫色，外面光滑无毛。舌状小花约11枚，紫红色或紫蓝色。瘦果粗厚，纺锤状，微压扁，长4毫米，宽不足1毫米，向顶端渐窄，顶端白色，无喙，每面有5-6条不等粗的细肋。冠毛2层，白色，长约6毫米，糙毛状。
  花果期2-8月。
  分布陕西（太白山）、浙江（杭州）、福建（长汀、永安）、湖南（雪峰山、桑植）、广西（具体产地不详）、江西（莲花）、四川（南川、峨眉、万源）、云南（马关）。生于山谷、山坡林下潮湿地。模式标本采自四川南川。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 20-21 (2011)
Paraprenanthes diversifolia (Vaniot) N. Kilian Fl. China. 20-21: 229. 2011.
林生假福王草 lin sheng jia fu wang cao
Basionym: Lactuca diversifolia Vaniot, Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 12: 245. 1903; Paraprenanthes gracilipes C. Shih; P. sylvicola C. Shih; Prenanthes diversifolia (Vaniot) C. C. Chang (1934), not Ledebour ex Sprengel (1826).
Herbs 0.5-1.5 m tall, annual. Stem glabrous or apically glandular hairy. Lower stem leaves with petiole 4-9 cm, slender cuneately winged, base not clasping; leaf blade triangular, triangular-ovate, or broadly lanceolate, 7-18 × 4-24 cm, usually undivided, glabrous or sparsely glandular hairy, base cuneate, truncate, cordate, or hastate, margin sinuate and mucronately dentate, apex acute. Middle and upper stem leaves with a shorter narrow to broader winged petiole; leaf blade with a rather cuneate base, undivided and otherwise similar to lower leaves or lyrately pinnatipartite to lyrately pinnatisect; lateral lobes if present 1 or 2(or 3) pairs, triangular-ovate to elliptic; terminal lobe triangular-ovate to lanceolate, apex acute. Uppermost leaves sessile, elliptic to narrowly rhombic, undivided, base narrow and not clasping, apex acute. Synflorescence narrowly paniculiform, with some to numerous capitula. Capitula with 4-6 florets. Involucre 10-11 × 1.5-2 mm. Outer phyllaries ovate-triangular to lanceolate, largest ca. 3 × 0.5 mm, apex acute; inner phyllaries 5, apex acute to obtuse. Florets purplish red to sometimes whitish. Achene ca. 4 mm, attenuate into an almost beaked apex. Pappus 5-6 mm. Fl. and fr. Feb-Aug.
● Mountain valleys, forests; 500-2500 m. Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang.
Paraprenanthes diversifolia has often not been recognized properly in the past but confused with P. sororia. However, it is very well characterized by its small capitula with only 5 inner phyllaries and 4-6 florets. In contrast, leaf shape and indumentum do not actually distinguish it from P. sororia (see also note there) and P. pilipes.Paraprenanthes diversifolia has often not been recognized properly in the past but confused with P. sororia. However, it is very well characterized by its small capitula with only 5 inner phyllaries and 4-6 florets. In contrast, leaf shape and indumentum do not actually distinguish it from P. sororia (see also note there) and P. pilipes.