首页分享罗汉松Podocarpus macrophyllus

罗汉松Podocarpus macrophyllus

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-05-05 14:35

中文名（Chinese Name）：罗汉松
学名（Scientific Name）：Podocarpus macrophyllus D. Don
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：罗汉杉、土杉
异名（Synonym）：Margbensonia macrophylla (Thunb.) A. V. Bobrov et Melikyan；Taxus macrophylla Thunb. Podocarpus canaliculatus Carrière；Podocarpus longifolia Gordon
科属（Family & Genus）：罗汉松科（Podocarpaceae）罗汉松属
形态特征（Description）：乔木，高达20米，胸径达60厘米；树皮灰色或灰褐色，浅纵裂，成薄片状脱落；枝开展或斜展，较密。叶螺旋状着生，条状披针形，微弯，长7-12厘米，宽7-10毫米，先端尖，基部楔形，上面深绿色，有光泽，中脉显著隆起，下面带白色、灰绿色或淡绿色,中脉微隆起。雄球花穗状、腋生，常3-5个簇生于极短的总梗上，长3-5厘米，基部有数枚三角状苞片；雌球花单生叶腋，有梗，基部有少数苞片。种子卵圆形，径约1厘米，先端圆，熟时肉质假种皮紫黑色，有白粉，种托肉质圆柱形，红色或紫红色，柄长1-1.5厘米。花期4-5月，种子8-9月成熟。
分布（Distribution）：于江苏、浙江、福建、安徽、江西、湖南、四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东等省区，栽培于庭园作观赏树。野生的树木极少。日本也有分布。
用途（Use）：材质细致均匀，易加工。可作家具、器具、文具及农具等用。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 4
Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunberg) Sweet, Hort. Suburb. Londin. 211. 1818.
罗汉松 luo han song | Podocarpaceae | Podocarpus
Trees to 20 m tall; trunk to 60 cm d.b.h.; bark gray or grayish brown, peeling off in thin flakes; branches spreading or erect-spreading, rather dense; branchlets glabrous or pubescent. Leaves spirally arranged, sessile; blade dark green and glossy adaxially, grayish green, pale green, or tinged white abaxially, linear-lanceolate, oblanceolate, or oblong-oblanceolate, slightly curved, 1.7-12 cm × 2-10 mm, midvein prominently raised adaxially, slightly raised abaxially, base cuneate, apex mucronate or acute to long acuminate. Pollen cones axillary, usually in clusters of 3-5 on very short peduncle, spikelike, 3-5 cm, with several triangular bracts at base. Seed-bearing structures axillary, solitary, pedunculate, with few basal bracts. Receptacle red or purplish red when ripe, columnar. Epimatium purplish black when ripe, with white powder. Seed ovoid, ca. 1 cm in diam., apex rounded. Pollination Apr-May, seed maturity Aug-Sep. 2n = 38.
Forests, open thickets, roadsides; near sea level to 1000 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, ?Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang; introduced or status uncertain in Shaanxi [Japan, ?N Myanmar].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）