我国牧草种质资源保护与利用现状

摘要： 牧草种质资源是牧草育种的基础,也是我国农业科技创新、实现草牧业可持续发展的重要物质基础。我国牧草种质资源丰富,相关研究人员已收集到5门246科1 545属6 704种草地饲用植物,已保存的牧草种质资源达到5.58万份,居世界第二位,已审定的牧草新品种有717个。对我国牧草种质资源的收集、保存、鉴定现状以及利用概况进行综述,以期为科研人员进一步收集、保存和利用牧草种质资源提供参考。

关键词: 牧草, 种质资源, 收集保存, 鉴定评价

Abstract: Pasture germplasm resource is the foundation of pasture breeding, which is also the important material basis for China′s agricultural science and technology innovation as well as the sustainable development of grass and pasture industry. China is rich in pasture germplasm resources. Up to now, relevant researchers have collected 6 704 species of grassland forage plants belonging to 5 phyla, 246 families and 1 545 genera, and the preserved pasture germplasm resources have reached 55 800 copies, ranking the second in the world. Among them, 717 new pasture grass varieties have been validated. In this paper, the collection, preservation, identification status and utilization of pasture germplasm resources in China are reviewed, with a view to providing reference for researchers to further collect, preserve and utilize pasture germplasm resources.

Key words: forage, germplasm resources, collection and preservation, identification and evaluation

中图分类号: 

S54

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