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美洲南瓜雌花早花期QTL分析

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-04-19 12:27

摘要：

早花能促进美洲南瓜早熟和高产，并能拮抗生物和非生物胁迫，是美洲南瓜重要的农艺性状。在本研究中，美洲南瓜自交系‘19’的第一雌花开花天数明显少于自交系‘113’，表现为稳定的早花性状。遗传分析表明，第一雌花开花天数是一个可遗传的数量性状，受多基因控制。采用QTL测序结合连锁分析的方法，在第4、11和20号染色体上鉴定出3个用于第一雌花开花天数的QTL。为了验证这一结果，利用不同环境条件下生长的F2群体，开发InDel标记对第一雌花开花天数进行QTL定位分析。利用R/qtl软件的复合区间作图方法，在所有环境条件下均鉴定出1个主位点，位于20号染色体117 kb的候选区域。通过基因注释、基因序列比对和qRT-PCR分析，发现编码环指蛋白的Cp4.1LG20g08050基因可能是一个对美洲南瓜早花起相反调控作用的候选基因。总之，本研究结果为更好地认识美洲南瓜早花性状，为美洲南瓜的早花育种策略奠定了基础。

Abstract:

Early flowering promotes early maturity, production, and the capacity to counteract biotic and abiotic stresses, making it an important agronomic trait in zucchini. The present study demonstrated that the zucchini inbred line ‘19’ consistently flowered early, taking significantly fewer days to bloom the first female flower (DFF) than the inbred line ‘113’. Genetic analysis revealed that DFF, an inheritable quantitative trait, is controlled by multiple genes. Based on the strategy of quantitative trait locus (QTL) sequencing (QTL-seq) combined with linkage analysis, three QTLs for DFF were identified on chromosomes 4, 11, and 20. This study used additional F2 populations grown under different environmental conditions for QTL mapping analysis of DFF with insertion/deletion (InDel) markers to validate these results. Using the composite interval mapping (CIM) method of R/qtl software, we only identified one major locus under all environmental conditions, located in a 117-kb candidate region on chromosome 20. Based on gene annotation, gene sequence alignment, and qRT-PCR analysis, we found that the Cp4.1LG20g08050 gene encoding a RING finger protein may be a candidate gene for the opposite regulation of early flowering in zucchini. In summary, these results lay a foundation for a better understanding of early flowering and improving early flowering-based breeding strategies in zucchini.

Key words: Cucurbita pepo L. , early flowering , days to blooming of the first female flower , QTL analysis