我国用材林主要真菌病害致病机制及内生菌对病害的生防作用

摘要：

我国人工林面积居世界首位,但木材人均消费量仅为发达国家的1/5,木材对外依存度接近50%。用材林对我国木材安全、生态安全、森林碳汇和绿色发展具有重要意义,但用材林树种单一、生物多样性水平较低,林分结构简单,生物灾害频发,其中真菌病害已成为我国用材林的主要生物灾害。笔者围绕我国用材林树种重要真菌病害的致病机制和绿色防控等科学问题,综述了我国主要用材林树种的重要真菌病害种类、危害特点、病原致病分子机制和内生菌防治病害等方面的研究进展,并对未来用材林重要真菌病害的流行监测、病原-寄主互作、病害的栽培管理与可持续绿色防控等综合防控策略等进行了展望。

关键词: 用材林, 真菌病害, 病原学, 致病机制, 绿色防控

Abstract:

The area of planted forests in China ranks first in the world, but the per capita consumption of timber is only 1/5 that the of developed countries. The dependence on foreign timber is colsed to 50%. Timber forests are of great significance to China’s timber and ecological security forest carbon sequestration and green development. However, due to single tree species, simple stand structure, and low level of biodiversity biological disasters occur frequently in timber forests. Among them, fungal diseases are responsible for the major biological disasters on timber forests in China. This study focuses on the scientific aspects such as the pathogenic mechanisms and green control, and reviews the etiology, occurrence characteristics, pathogenic mechanisms, and biological control by endophytes on the main fungal diseases on timber species in China. The epidemic monitoring, pathogen-host interaction, cultivation management, sustainable green prevention and control, and other integrated control strategies of major fungal diseases on timber forests in the future are prospected as well.

Key words: timber forests, fungal disease, etiology, pathogenic mechanism, green control

中图分类号: 

S763

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