铁观音及黄棪半同胞系种质遗传多样性的ISSR分析

摘要： 铁观音和黄棪是乌龙茶茶树育种的骨干亲本，以这2份品种及其为亲本选育出的新种质及不同地域种质的铁观音茶树为研究材料，采用ISSR分子标记技术，利用筛选出的9个多态性较好、扩增条带较清晰的ISSR引物，分别对24份茶树品种（系）进行扩增，分析其遗传多样性和亲缘关系。结果表明：9个ISSR引物共扩增出73条稳定的谱带，其中47条具有多态性，多态性比率为64.4%，平均每个引物扩增出5.2条谱带；遗传相似性分析显示24份供试种质的遗传相似系数0.544~0.889，平均为0.727，表明供试种质的遗传基础较窄，亲缘关系较近。

关键词: ISSR分子标记, 铁观音半同胞系, 黄棪半同胞系, 遗传多样性

Abstract: Two tea cultivars, Tieguanyin and huangdan, are the core parents used in oolong tea breeding. Many premium oolong tea cultivars have been bred from them. Using ISSR molecular markers, 9 primers with high polymorphism and clearly distinguishable ISSR amplified bands were selected for the amplification of 24 tea varieties (or lines) as well as the determination of the genetic diversity and relationship among the cultivars. A total of 73 bands was generated with 15 ISSR primers. Of which, 47 were polymorphic at a rate of 64.4%, averaging 5.2 bands amplified per primer. An analysis on the genetic similarity of the 24 tea cultivars yielded coefficients ranging from 0.644 to 0.889, with an average of 0.727. It suggested that the genetic bases of the germplasms were limited, and their genetic relationships close. The results would provide valuable information for tea breeding in the future.

Key words: ISSR molecular markers, half-sib tea cultivars of Tieguanyin, half-sib tea cultivars of Huangdan, genetic diversity

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