首页分享中国东部地区马尾松与黄山松群落分类及群落结构和物种多样性特征

中国东部地区马尾松与黄山松群落分类及群落结构和物种多样性特征

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-02-02 20:43

摘要：

【目的】马尾松(Pinus massoniana)是中国亚热带地区主要的针叶树种,黄山松(P. hwangshanensis)是中国东部亚热带中山地区的主要建群种,两个物种在水平区域内分布基本重合,但垂直分布差异明显。深入了解马尾松林与黄山松林的分布格局,可以为科学管理保护马尾松和黄山松森林资源提供理论依据。【方法】基于中国亚热带东部地区8个典型马尾松林与黄山松林分布地域开展植被调查,采用非度量多维标度分析(NMDS)和多元回归树(nultivariate regression trees,MRT)探讨两种松林群落结构的差异及主要影响因子,采用线性混合效应模型定量分析各物种多样性指标对非生物因子的响应;在遵从《中国植被志》研编规范的基础上,对马尾松林与黄山松林进行初步的数量分类。【结果】马尾松群落与黄山松群落结构存在明显差异,主要影响因子为海拔;年均气温对两种群落物种丰富度影响显著,对两种群落总体物种丰富度影响最显著的因子是年均降水量,海拔对两种群落总体的均匀度产生显著的影响;对马尾松林与黄山松林进行初步植被分类,马尾松林被划分为6个群丛,黄山松林被划分为5个群丛。【结论】海拔变化塑造了中国东部地区马尾松林与黄山松林群落结构的差异,并直接或间接地影响两种群落的物种多样性。通过植被分类可以了解两种松林植被类型的多样化,并为后续两种松林分类后续工作提供参考。

关键词: 马尾松林, 黄山松林, 群落结构, 物种多样性, 植被分类, 中国东部地区

Abstract:

【Objective】 Pinus massoniana is the main coniferous tree species in subtropical China and P. hwangshanensis is the main constructive species in subtropical mid-montane region of the eastern China. Both species coexist at horizontal level but exhibit distinct vertical distributions. The objective of this study is to investigate the distribution patterns of P. massoniana and P. hwangshanensis forests and provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management and conservation of these forest resources. 【Method】 The study was focused on eight typical distribution areas in the eastern subtropical region of China. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) and multivariate regression trees (MRT) were employed to explore the differences in community structure and the main influencing factors between the two pine forests. Additionally, a linear mixed-effects model was used to quantify the response of species diversity indices to abiotic factors. Based on the principles for compiling the Vegegraphy of China, a preliminary quantitative classification of P. massoniana and P. hwangshanensis forests was performed. 【Result】 Significant differences were observed in the community structures of P. massoniana and P. hwangshanensis forests, with elevation identified as the primary influencing factor. Mean annual temperature had a significant effect on species richness within both communities, while mean annual precipitation had the most pronounced impact on overall species richness. Elevation exerted a significant influence on the evenness of the two communities. The preliminary vegetation classification resulted in the identification of six associations for P. massoniana forest and five associations for P. hwangshanensis forest. 【Conclusion】 Altitude variations shape the differences in community structure between P. massoniana and P. hwangshanensis forests and directly or indirectly influence species diversity in these communities. The vegetation classification highlights the diversification of vegetation types in the two pine forests and provides a reference for future classification efforts.

Key words: Pinus massoniana forest, P. hwangshanensis forest, community structure, species diversity, vegetation classification, the eastern China

中图分类号:

Q948.152

S718