首页分享 Natural and artificial floral damage induces resistance in Nemophila menziesii (Hydrophyllaceae) flowers

Natural and artificial floral damage induces resistance in Nemophila menziesii (Hydrophyllaceae) flowers

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-01-27 05:03

摘要

Resistance to leaf herbivory is well-documented in plants. In contrast, resistance to herbivory in flowers has received very little attention, even though reproductive tissues are often essential for plant reproduction. Plants may protect reproductive tissues with a range of defenses from constitutive to induced, although ecological costs associated with constitutive defense or resistance are expected to be higher than costs associated with induced responses. Induced responses in flowers may be effective against floral herbivores while minimizing the negative impacts of resistance on pollinators. This study examines induced responses in Nemophila menziesii (Hydrophyllaceae), a plant that frequently receives high levels of floral herbivory. I report that natural caterpillar herbivory increased levels of resistance against caterpillars later in the season. Similarly, artificial clipping to flowers consistently reduced natural damage to flowers vs unclipped controls over two years. Neither whole-plant nor individual seed set was affected by the reduction of floral damage. Induced resistance in reproductive tissues may benefit plants that are exposed to both floral herbivory and pollinator activity and can be an important link between plant antagonists and plant mutualists.展开▼

机译：植物中对叶草食性的抗性已得到充分证明。相反，尽管生殖组织对于植物繁殖通常是必不可少的，但对花卉中食草动物的抗性却很少受到关注。植物可能会以从本构到诱导的一系列防御来保护生殖组织，尽管与本构防御或抗性相关的生态成本预计会高于与诱导反应相关的成本。花中诱导的应答可能对花草食动物有效，同时最大程度地降低了抗性对传粉媒介的不利影响。这项研究研究了孟买Nemophila menziesii（Hydrophyllaceae）的诱导反应，该植物经常接受高水平的花卉食草植物。我报告说，本赛季后期，天然的毛毛虫草食动物增加了对毛毛虫的抗性水平。同样，在两年内，对花朵的人工剪裁与未剪裁的对照相比，始终能减少对花朵的自然伤害。整株植物和单株种子都不受花期损害减少的影响。生殖组织中诱导的抗性可能有益于既暴露于花卉食草剂又具有传粉媒介活性的植物，并且可能是植物拮抗剂与植物互惠者之间的重要纽带。展开▼

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所属分类：花卉