首页分享 8种禾本科观赏草叶片解剖学特征的描述及其适应性分析

8种禾本科观赏草叶片解剖学特征的描述及其适应性分析

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-01-22 07:19

摘要： 本研究观察了芒（M.sinensis）属4种观赏草[花叶芒（M.sinensis ‘Variegatus’）、斑叶芒（Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’）、纤细芒（M.sinensis ‘Gracilimus’）、金酒吧芒（M.sinensis ‘Gold Bar’）]、芨芨草（Achnatherum splendes）、画眉草（Eragrostis pilosa）、蓝茎冰草（Agropyron smithii）和柳枝稷（Panicum virgatum）叶片结构的解剖学特点，并分析其环境适应性，为观赏草的引种推广和景观配置提供解剖学理论基础。观察发现：这些观赏草具有一般单子叶植物叶片结构特点，且平行叶脉在画眉草、柳枝稷及4种芒属观赏草中发达，在芨芨草和蓝茎冰草中次发达。叶脉外有明显的维管束鞘细胞，成花环形排列。画眉草、芒属、柳枝稷维管束鞘细胞中含有丰富的大型叶绿体，是典型的C4植物；前两种观赏草主脉由多个大小不一的叶脉和大量薄壁细胞组成。芨芨草和蓝茎冰草为C3植物，叶肉细胞间气腔发达。芨芨草大、小叶脉尺寸相差巨大，大、小叶脉相间排列，具泡状细胞，具有典型卷叶植物的特点。这8种观赏草叶片多具有中生或旱生结构，对环境的适应性强，结构特点和适应策略各有特色。

关键词: 观赏草, 叶脉, 维管束鞘, 泡状细胞, 气腔

Abstract: To promote the use of ornamental grasses and provide basic knowledge of how to use them for landscape configuration,we observed the anatomical structure of leaves and analyzed the environmental adaptability of Miscanthus sinensis (including ‘Variegatus’,‘Zebrinus’,‘Gracilimus’,‘Gold Bar’), Achnatherum splendes,Eragrostis pilosa,Agropyron smithii,Panicum virgatum. The leaves of these 8 ornamental grasses showed structure traits of general monocotyledonous leaf. In addition,the parallel veins were well developed in M. sinensis, E. pilosa, P. virgatum, while less developed in A. splendes and A. smithii. There were obvious pericycle cells surrounding the vein into a garland shape. The pericycle cells in M. sinensis,E. pilosa,P. virgatum were full of large chloroplasts,indicating these grasses are typical C4 plants. In M. sinensis and E. pilosa,the developed midrib were composed of several vascular bundles in different sizes and a large number of parenchyma cells,A. splendes and A. smithii are typical C3 plants,they had developed air-space among mesophyll cells. The veins in A. splendes are greatly different in size,big and small veins arrangemnt alternately,and the bulliform cells showed a characteristic of rolling leaf. These 8 ornamental grasses had mesophytic or xerophytic leaf structures,and were highly adaptable to the environment.

Key words: Ornamental Grasses, Vein, Pericycle, Bulliform cell, Gas cavity

中图分类号:

Q944.5