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三种葱属植物花形态及花药解剖结构观察

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-01-18 07:19

摘要： 蒙古韭(Allium mongolicum Rege l)、细叶韭(Allium tenuissimum L.)、野韭(Allium ramosum L.)作为野生蔬菜近年来受到人们的青睐,一些学者对这三种葱属植物进行了初步研究,但对其解剖结构的研究未见报道。通过田间观察和石蜡切片法,对这三种葱属植物花的形态及花药解剖结构进行了观察,结果表明:三种葱属植物花的形态结构差异明显,花粉粒的形状及大小也有明显的差别:野韭花粉粒为长卵形,细叶韭为卵圆形,蒙古韭为近半圆形;从花粉粒大小来看,野韭最大,蒙古韭次之,细叶韭最小。通过以上研究揭示了三种葱属植物花药解剖学特征,从而为葱属植物分类标准、亲缘关系鉴定、生殖发育等方面的进一步研究提供理论依据。

关键词: 葱属, 花, 花药, 形态及解剖结构

Abstract: Allium mongolicum, Allium tenuissimum and Allium ramosum are great favor as wide vegetable in recently. Some experts paid attention to the studies on these three Allium plants, but the study on anatomy character is not reported. According to farming observation and paraffin section method the flower's morphologial and anther's anatomy character of three Allium plants are observed, the results show that the flower's morphological is obvious difference; the pollen's shape is also diversity: Allium mongolicum is semi-round, Allium tenuissimum is ovoid, Allium ramosum is long-ovoid. As for the size of pollen, Allium ramosum is the biggest, the second is Allium mongolicum, and Allium tenuissimum is the smallest. The studies indicate the anther's anatomy character of threes plants and provide further theoretical evident for Allium's classification, relationship determining and reproduction.

Key words: Allium, flowes, anther, morphological and anatomy character