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蒙古莸(Caryopteris mongolica)种群空间格局及枝系构型

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-01-16 10:51

摘要： 蒙古莸（Caryopteris mongolica）是分布在典型草原、荒漠化草原和荒漠的稀缺资源植物。采用相邻格子样方法以陕西省神木县大柳塔的蒙古莸自然种群为对象，对其种群空间分布格局及枝系构型进行研究。结果显示：（1）在20m×20m的空间尺度下蒙古莸种群聚集分布，聚集的规模为8m×16m（128m2）。（2）蒙古莸的密度和株高之间存在极显著负相关关系，而冠幅和扩散系数之间存在显著正相关关系；植株的空间分布和枝系构型相互作用，使蒙古莸空间分布的密度为2.79株·5m-2，植株呈较扁的椭球形。（3）蒙古莸的树冠分维数为7.58，分枝分维数为2.75，分枝级别最高为5级，分枝数量较多，且随着分枝级别的增大每一级别的分枝数量显著减少。蒙古莸分枝方式为假二叉分枝，枝系空间格局复杂，分枝长度较短，角度较大，总体分枝率高达4.31，且逐级分枝率之间存在差异。蒙古莸具有较高的利用空间资源的能力，适于在环境较为干旱地区进行保护和利用。

关键词: 蒙古莸(Caryopteris mongolica), 空间分布格局, 分枝方式, 分枝率, 分形维数

Abstract: Caryopteris mongolica is a scarce resource shrub, distributed mainly in typical grassland, desertification grassland and desert. Different from conventional methods, the study combined the spatial distribution pattern with branching architecture to reveal the ability of using space resources of the shrub. We choose a C. mongolica community in Daliuta, Shenmu, Shaanxi as the object. The spatial distribution pattern type, scale and intensity of the plant population were determined with the methods of adjacent lattice. Branching pattern characteristics, bifurcation ratio and fractal dimension was also studied. The results show that the population of C. mongolica distribute aggregately with highly pattern intensity on 20 m×20 m scale. The pattern scale was 8 m×16 m(128 m2). There is a very significant negative correlation relationship between plant height and density. Therefor the relationship between crown breadth and diffusion coefficient shows significant positive correlation. Competition for resources increases with density, made C. mongolica to a spheroidicity dwarf shrub. And the population density of C. mongolica was 2.79 plants per square meter. Crown fractal dimension of C. mongolica was 7.58, branch fractal dimension of the plant was 2.75, overall bifurcation ratio of the plant was 4.31, and the difference between stepwise bifurcation of plant was significant. Because the branch way of the shrub is pseudo-dichotomously branched, the fractal dimension and bifurcation ratio values were higher. Combine fractal dimension with bifurcation ratio provided scientific evidence of C. mongolica branching pattern was complex. There were a lot of branches in this shrub, and the branches grades were up to fifth-grade. While the branch grade increased, the branch number in each grade decreased significantly. This plant showed short length and large angle of the branches. Overall, C. mongolica has strong ability of spatial extension. It can use natural resources sufficiently through reasonable spatial distribution pattern and complex branching pattern.

Key words: Caryopteris mongolica, spatial distribution pattern, branching patterns, bifurcation ratio, fractal dimension

中图分类号:

Q948.15