4种菊科入侵植物提取物的抑菌活性研究

4种菊科入侵植物提取物的抑菌活性研究

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(No.32160378)；云南省应用基础研究重点项目(No.2019FA011)；西南林业大学博士科研启动经费(No.111712)

Study on Inhibitory Activity of Extracts from Four Asteraceae Invasive Plants on Pathogenic Fungi

Author:

LUO Yuwei

Key Laboratory of Forestry Disaster Early Warning & Control in Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 6502244, China
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TAN Yating

Key Laboratory of Forestry Disaster Early Warning & Control in Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 6502244, China
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LIU Yang

Key Laboratory of Forestry Disaster Early Warning & Control in Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 6502244, China
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LUO Jianmei

Key Laboratory of Forestry Disaster Early Warning & Control in Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 6502244, China
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YAN Xiaohui

Key Laboratory of Forestry Disaster Early Warning & Control in Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 6502244, China
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摘要:

探究4种菊科(Asteraceae)入侵植物紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophora)、飞机草(Eupatorium odoratum)、三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)和牛膝菊(Galinsoga parviflora)不同部位的乙醇提取物(后简称醇提物)对芸薹链格孢(Alternaria brassicae)、灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)、恶疫霉(Phytophthora cactorum)、镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.)、厚垣镰刀菌(Fusarium chlamydosporum)等5种植物病原真菌是否有抑菌活性，为后期开发新型植物源农药及综合治理和利用菊科入侵植物奠定基础。通过乙醇回流法制备4种菊科植物不同部位的醇提物，通过滤纸片抑菌圈法和菌丝生长速率法测定上述醇提物对5种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性。结果显示当4种入侵植物不同部位的醇提物质量浓度为5 mg·mL -1时，它们对5种病原真菌具有选择性的抑制作用，其中：紫茎泽兰花、茎叶和三叶鬼针草地上部分的醇提物抑菌活性较强；紫茎泽兰花醇提物对芸薹链格孢菌丝生长抑制效果最强，半数效应浓度(EC50)为0.086 8 mg·mL -1；紫茎泽兰茎叶和三叶鬼针草的醇提物对厚垣镰刀菌菌丝生长具有良好的抑制作用，它们的EC50分别为0.091 3和0.194 3 mg·mL -1。研究结果提示4种菊科入侵植物中紫茎泽兰、三叶鬼针草提取物对供试病原真菌的抑菌效果较好，其中又以紫茎泽兰花、茎叶提取物的抑菌效果为佳，值得进一步研究。

Abstract:

It was explored whether ethanol extracts from different parts of four species of Asteraceae invasive plants such as Eupatorium adenophora, Eupatorium odoratum, Bidens pilosa, and Galinsoga parviflora had antifungal activity against five strains of plant pathogens such as Alternaria brassicae, Botrytis cinerea, Phytophthora cactorum, Fusarium sp., and Fusarium chlamydosporum, in order to provide theoretical foundation for further development of new botanical pesticides and comprehensive management of Asteraceae invasive plants. Ethanol extracts from different parts of four invasive Asteraceae plants were prepared by ethanol reflux extraction, and their antifungal activities against five plant pathogens were determined by filter paper inhibition zone method and mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the ethanol extracts of four invasive plants at the mass concentration of 5 mg·mL-1 showed selective inhibitory effects on five pathogens, and among them the flower ethanol extract of E. adenophora showed the best inhibitory effect on the growth of A. brassicae mycelium, with EC50 of 0.086 8 mg·mL-1; the stem and leave ethanol extract of E. adenophora and the aerial part ethanol extract of B. pilosa display potent inhibition effects on the mycelial growth of F. chlamydosporum and their EC50 were 0.091 3 and 0.194 3 mg·mL-1, respectively. The results suggested that the ethanol extracts of E. adenophora and B. pilosa showed significant antifungal activity, especially the aerial part ethanol extract of E. adenophora worth further study.

罗雨薇,谭亚婷,刘洋,罗建梅,闫晓慧.4种菊科入侵植物提取物的抑菌活性研究[J].重庆师范大学学报自然科学版,2023,40(6):129-135

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