首页分享矮牵牛花朵大小及相关性状遗传分析

矮牵牛花朵大小及相关性状遗传分析

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-01-12 00:42

摘要： 为了探究矮牵牛花朵大小的遗传规律，以大花型和小花型矮牵牛高代自交系为亲本构建四世代遗传群体（P1、P2、F1、F2），对花朵大小遗传特征进行主基因＋多基因混合遗传模型分析，并将F1植株与中花型矮牵牛W115株系进行杂交，验证遗传规律。同时以F2群体为材料，对花径、萼片长、叶片长等23个表型性状进行测定，并研究其相关性。结果表明，矮牵牛大花对小花性状符合2MG-A模型，即由2对加性主基因控制，主基因遗传率为95.38%；大、小花杂交F1与中花W115进一步杂交，后代出现大花与中花性状分离（1∶1），且中花植株的叶片和苞片叶绿素含量显著高于大花植株（P<0.01）。大花×小花F2群体的表型性状变异丰富，变异系数在7.67%~59.93%，平均22.38%。相关性分析结果表明，花部性状、叶部性状以及两者之间均存在一定的相关性，其中花径与其他器官大小均呈显著正相关，与部分植株性状呈显著负相关。

关键词: 矮牵牛, 花朵大小, 遗传分析, 相关性分析

Abstract: In order to explore the inheritance law of petunia flower size,four generations of genetic populations(P1,P2,F1,F2）were constructed using the large⁃flowered and small⁃flowered inbred lines of petunia as parents.The main gene+polygene mixed genetic model analysis was carried out,and the genetic law was verified by crossing the F1 plant with the medium⁃flowered petunia line W115.Moreover,the F2 population was used to investigate 23 phenotypic traits including flower diameter，sepal length,leaf length etc.,and the correlation analysis of these traits was carried out.The results showed that the flower diameter of petunia(large flower vs. small flower)was controlled by two pairs of additive major genes(2MG⁃A),and the heritability of major genes was 95.38%;the offspring of the F1 crossing W115 showed a separation ratio of 1∶1 between the large⁃flowered individuals and medium⁃flowered individuals，and the chlorophyll content of leaves and bracts in medium⁃flowered plants was significantly higher than that in large⁃flowered plants(P<0.01).The phenotypic traits of F2 population derived from hybridization between large⁃flower and small⁃flower parents had abundant variation,and the coefficient of variation varied from 7.67% to 59.93%,with an average of 22.38%.Correlation analysis showed that there were certain correlations among the floral traits,leaf traits and between them,and the flower diameter was significantly positively correlated with the size of other organs,but significantly negatively correlated tosome plant traits.

Key words: Petunia, Flower size, Genetic analysis, Correlation analysis

中图分类号:

S681.6