刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.

刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.

刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.

别名：black locust;洋槐花;猪尿槐;钉子槐;刺槐花;德国槐;胡藤;乌日格苏图-槐子;洋槐树;洋槐;刺儿棉;刺儿槐;槐树;槐花;法皂荚;棉槐;刺櫰;

科名：豆科 Leguminosae

属名：刺槐属 Robinia

《中国植物志》第40卷228页
  1. 刺槐 （华北经济植物志要） 洋槐（中国树木分类学）
  Robinia pseudoacacia Linn. Sp. Pl. 722. 1753; 陈嵘，中国树木分类学 544. 图441. 1937；Rehd. Man. Cult. Trees & Shrubs 508. 1940；中国主要植物图说·豆科302. 图302. 1955；中国高等植物图鉴 2：400. 图2529. 1972.

《Flora of China》 Vol. 10 (2010)
Robinia pseudoacacia  Linnaeus Sp. Pl. 2: 722. 1753.
刺槐   ci huai
Robinia pseudoacacia var. inermis Candolle; R. pseudo-acacia var. pyramidalis (Pepin) C. K. Schneider; R. pseudo-acacia var. umbraculifera Candolle; R. pyramidalis Pepin.
Trees, 10-25 m tall, deciduous. Bark gray-brown to dark brown, longitudinally fissured, rarely smooth. Branchlets gray-brown, sparsely hairy, glabrescent; stipulate spines up to 2 cm; winter buds small, with hairs. Leaves 10-25(-40) cm; rachis adaxially grooved; petiolule 1-3 mm; stipel acicular; leaflets 2-12 pairs, usually opposite or subopposite; leaflet blades oblong, elliptic, or ovate, 2-5 × 1.5-2.2 cm, abaxially grayish green and with appressed pubescence when young but glabrescent, adax-ially green, base rounded to broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex rounded, retuse, and apiculate. Racemes axillary, 10-20 cm, pendulous, many flowered, fragrant; bracts caducous. Pedi-cel 7-8 mm. Calyx obliquely campanulate, 7-9 mm; teeth 5, triangular to ovate-triangular, densely appressed pubescent. Co-rolla white, stipitate; standard suborbicular, ca. 1.6 × 1.9 cm, re-flexed, inside with yellow spots, base rounded, apex with a sinus; wings obliquely obovate, subequal to standard, ca. 16 mm, one lateral auriculate rounded; keel falcate, triangular, equal to wings or slightly short, connate at leading edge, obtuse. Stamens diadelphous, one opposite to standard free. Ovary line-ar, ca. 1.2 cm, glabrous; stalk 2-3 mm; style subulate, ca. 8 mm, apically curved, apex piliferous; stigma terminal. Legume brown or with reddish brown stripes, linear-oblong, 5-12 × 1-1.3(-1.7) cm, compressed, apex volute and mucronate, carpo-podium short, narrow wings along ventral suture; calyx persis-tent, 2-15-seeded. Seeds brown to dark brown, slightly glossy, sometimes with stripes, subreniform, 5-6 × ca. 3 mm; hilum rounded, oblique to one end. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 20, 22.
Cultivated in all of China except Hainan and Xizang [native to E North America; cultivated and sometimes naturalized in many parts of the world].

【拼音名】 Cì Huái
【别名】 洋槐、刺儿槐
【来源】 豆科刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia L.，以花入药。
【生境分布】 东北、西北、华北、华东。
【化学成份】 叶含有刺槐甙（acaciin，C28H32O13·4H2O）、刺槐素（acacetin，C16H12O5）、三糖甙、洋槐甙（robinin，C33H40O19）、鞣质等。
【功能主治】 止血。主治大肠下血，咯血，吐血，及妇女红崩。
【摘录】 《全国中草药汇编》

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