八角属（八角科）植物的种子形态

摘要： 在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下对八角属(Illicium Linn.) 15种植物（33个样品）的种子形态进行了观察和描述。八角属植物种子形态多为倒卵球形，少椭球形或卵球形，侧向压扁；外种皮石质，中种皮革质，内种皮膜质；外种皮淡黄色、卵黄色至橙褐色，具蜡被，极光滑，有光泽，无纹饰，腹部有一凸起的纵棱（种脊），由种脐延伸至顶端；种脐位于基端偏向腹部一侧或位于基端，卵形或椭圆形，下凹；胚微小，胚乳丰富，含油。该属植物种子的形态特征非常相似，表明该属是一个自然的单系类群。

关键词: 八角属, 种子形态

Abstract: The seeds of 15 species (33 samples) of the genus Illicium Linn. were observed under light microscope and scanning electron microscope, and described. The results indicate that Illicium seeds are obovoid, rarely ellipsoid or ovoid, flattened. Exotesta is stone-hard, mesotesta coriaceous, endotesta membranaceous. Exotesta is yellowish, egg-yellow to orange-brown with invariably smooth and lucidly ceraceous layer, without testa ornaments found. Seed has a raised longitudinal ridge (raphe) at the ventral surface extending from the hilum to the top. Hilum locates at the bottom, near ventral surface of seed, or at the bottom of seed, ovate or elliptic, depressed. Embryo minute, endosperm copious, oily. The most features of seed surfaces among the species of Illicium are similar and constant, which supports that the genus should be relatively natural monophyletic group.

Key words: Illicium Linn., seed morphology

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