胡杨叶片碳水化合物及可溶性蛋白特征与叶形变化和个体发育阶段的关系

摘要： 通过野外调查和室内分析，研究胡杨叶形变化及其碳水化合物及可溶性蛋白含量随个体生长发育阶段的变化规律。结果显示：（1）叶形指数随着胡杨胸径（树龄）的增加以及树冠由基向顶方向而逐渐减小，与树高和胸径均呈现极显著负相关。(2)叶片可溶性糖含量变化与个体发育阶段没有关系，在不同的发育阶段以及树冠的不同垂直空间保持在一个较高的稳定水平；叶片淀粉含量与胸径呈显著负相关，与叶形指数呈显著正相关，与叶片宽度呈极显著负相关；叶片可溶性蛋白含量与叶形指数呈显著正相关，与叶片长度呈极显著正相关。综合分析认为，胡杨叶形变化不仅存在于个体发育的不同阶段，同时存在于树冠的不同垂直空间，胡杨的叶形变化（异形叶性）是因个体发育阶段的不同而出现的生物学特征。在胡杨叶形指数随个体发育阶段、树冠由基向顶方向表现出逐渐减小的过程中，叶片淀粉含量随胸径增加、叶形指数减小和叶片宽度增加而减少；叶片可溶性蛋白含量随叶形指数和叶片长度的减小而减少。胡杨叶片淀粉、可溶性蛋白代谢可能在其叶片长度和宽度变化中具有调节作用。

关键词: 胡杨, 叶形指数, 可溶性糖, 淀粉, 可溶性蛋白

Abstract: By field observation and laboratory analysis, we investigated carbohydrate, soluble protein and morphometric changes of leves of Populus euphratica Oliv. individuals under different developmental stages. With the increase of DBH(age) and canoy levels, leaf index decreased gradually with a very significant negative correlation among leaf index, DBH and tree height. Leaf soluble sugar contents kept steadily in superior level under different developmental stages and canoy levels. But it had no correlation with individual development stages. There were a significant, very significant negative and positive correlations with leaf starch contents, DBH, leaf index, and leaf width, respectively. There were a significant and very significant positive correlation with the leaf soluble protein contents, leaf index, and leaf length, respectively. By comprehensive analysis, leaf change of P.euphratica individual not only existed in different development stages, but also in canoy levelLeaf changes of P.euphratica(heterophylly) is the biological cs. haracteristics under different developmental stages.The leaf indexes deceased with the increase of developmental stages and canoy levels. With the increase of DBH and the decease of leaf index and leaf width, the leaf starch contents decreased gradually. With the decease of leaf index and the increase of leaf length, leaf soluble protein contents decrease gradually. Starch and soluble protein metabolism of P.euphratica leaf had a regulating effect on leaf length and width change.

Key words: Populus, leaf index, soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein

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