水蜈蚣 Kyllinga polyphylla

4.Kyllinga polyphylla Kunth, Enum. Pl. 2: 134. 1837.

Cyperus aromaticus (Ridley) Mattfeld & Kükenthal; Kyllinga aromatica Ridley; K. erecta Schumacher var. polyphylla (Kunth) Hooper.

Perennials. Rhizomes thick, horizontally long creeping, internodes short, clothed with brown to purple or blackish scales, with 1 culm at each node. Culms scattered, 25-90 cm tall, 3-angled, smooth, base bulbous, clothed with long leaf sheaths. Leaf sheath purplish, cylindric, margin scarious, mouth obliquely truncate, apex subacute, apical 1 or 2 with a blade; leaf blade 3-5(-15) cm × 2-6 mm or shorter, flat, apical margin denticulate. Involucral bracts 5-8, leaflike, longest to 15 cm, ± horizontal to slightly reflexed. Spikes 1-3, hemispheric to subglobose, 6-12 × 6-8 mm; lateral spikes much smaller, with numerous densely arranged spikelets. Spikelets narrowly ellipsoid-ovoid, ca. 3 mm, 1- or 2-flowered. Glumes straw-colored with rusty brown striae, ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 mm, 5-7-veined, midvein ± spinulose, apex mucronate. Stamens 3; anthers shortly linear; connective prominent beyond anthers. Style long; stigmas 2, shorter than style. Nutlet yellowish white at first but black when mature, oblong to obovoid-oblong, ca. 1/2 as long as subtending glume, plano-convex, densely puncticulate, apex apiculate. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.

Naturalized in moist or brackish sandy areas; below 300 m. Hong Kong, Taiwan [native to tropical Africa, Indian Ocean islands, and Madagascar].

Kyllinga polyphylla is also naturalized in tropical America, Asia, Australia, and Pacific islands.

Kyllinga polyphylla is also naturalized in tropical America, Asia, Australia, and Pacific islands.Kyllinga polyphylla is also naturalized in tropical America, Asia, Australia, and Pacific islands.

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