海芋与其传粉昆虫的共生关系.PDF

海芋与其传粉昆虫的共生关系

第8 卷第19期 Vol.8 No.19 2015 年 10 月 October 2015 海芋与其传粉昆虫的共生关系 曾杏俐，张 燕，黄诗雯，吴文珊 （福建师范大学生命科学学院，福州 350117 ） 摘要：野外观察海芋（Alocasia odora ）的开花过程，了解传粉昆虫在海芋肉穗花序内的访花行为，研究结果 表明：海芋肉穗花序下部为雌花，上部为雄花，雌花与雄花之间为不孕雄花。通常是雌花先成熟，待雌花授 粉完毕后，雌花部分的佛焰苞闭合，雄花才开始成熟散粉，传粉昆虫在雌花内完成授粉后就往上爬至不孕雄 花和雄花处取食、产卵并携带雄花散落的花粉，待散粉结束后，传粉昆虫飞到另一株处于雌花阶段的海芋雌 花部分继续授粉。研究为揭示海芋与传粉昆虫的共生提供科学依据。 关键词：植物学；海芋；传粉生物学；传粉昆虫 中图分类号：Q948.1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-2850(2015)19-2034-06 A study of symbioses between Alocasia odora and pollinators ZENG Xingli, ZHANG Yan, HUANG Shiwen, WU Wenshan (College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China) Abstract: The foraging behaviors of pollinators in the Alocasia odora spadix were studied by field observation of the A. odora flowering phase in this paper. The results showed that the lower part of the A. odora spadix was female flowers, the upper part was male flowers, while the male sterile flowers were between them. Female flowers mature faster than male flowers. The spathe of the female flowers always closed after the female flowers were pollinated, then the male flowers started to mature and the pollens were spread. The pollinators climbed to the male sterile zone to feed, oviposit and carry its pollens. After the male flowers releasing pollen, the pollinators flied to another female flowers phase of A. odora to continue to pollinate. This experiment would be of great significance on revealing the A. odora and pollinators symbiosis mechanism. Key words: botany; Aocasia odora ; pollination biology; pollinators

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