首页分享秸秆资源收获季节性及其能源供应持续性分析

秸秆资源收获季节性及其能源供应持续性分析

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-12-23 14:47

供应的持续性是能源资源评价的一个重要方面，农作物秸秆收获的季节性制约了其供应的持续性。本研究利用季节指数指标分析秸秆收获季节性，构建持续性系数指标评价供应持续性，并对持续性的影响因素进行深入分析。结果表明：①各地区秸秆收获季节性明显，全国22个省份全年一半以上的秸秆集中于9月、10月份，且地区间季节分布差异显著；②所有地区秸秆不能保证全年持续供应，且地区间供应持续性差异较大，安徽、湖南等南方粮食主产省份持续性较好，可以保证6～8个月充分供应，其余省份除少数月份供应充足外，剩下月份都存在一定程度的供应缺口；③供应持续性与秸秆总量正相关，与季节指数和电力消费量负相关，而地理位置、气候条件、农作制度和经济结构等非可控因素是决定供应持续性的深层次因素；④丰富的总量并不一定带来较好的持续性，因而不能仅靠总量标准评价秸秆资源质量。

Abstract

Sustainability of energy supply is particularly important for energy resources assessment. Crop residue is important raw material for bioenergy, while the seasonal variance nature of residue harvest may restrain its sustainable supply. In this paper, the authors examined seasonal variations in residue harvest and sustainability of its energy supply in 31 provinces of China by using the seasonal index and building the sustainability coefficient, respectively, based on main crop production data from 2005 to 2009. Subsequently, influencing factors affecting the persistence degree of supply were discussed. Results show that obvious seasonal variation occurred in straw harvest in 31 provinces. Over two thirds of provinces had more than half of their total residue resources distributed in September and October. However, monthly distribution of the residue varied significantly among provinces. All of the provinces could not guarantee continuous residue supply throughout the year in the absence of straw storage. The sustainability of supply varied greatly among provinces. Hunan, Anhui, and other major grain producing provinces located in the lower and middle reaches of the Yantze River had the highest continuity degree of supply with abundant residue which could fulfill the residue demand for 6 to 8 months, whereas other provinces just had enough supply in a few months and suffered from supply shortage to varying degrees during the rest months. The sustainability of supply was positively correlated with total residue production and negatively with the seasonal index and energy consumption, suggesting that abundant residue resources with uneven monthly distribution or huge straw demand measured by electricity consumption might lead to a low continuity degree. Geographic location, climatic condition, cropping system, industrial structure, and agricultural structure were the major causes of supply continuity degree. Diverse and abundant crop residue due to fertile soil across plain areas, temperate climate with plenty of rainfall and sunshine were the primary reasons why southern major grain producing provinces had a higher supply continuity degree than other provinces. Decreases in farmlands and the horticultural crop-oriented agricultural structure due to the advanced secondary industry and tertiary industry might explain why economically developed provinces had the lowest supply continuity. High-cool and rich-wind arid climate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was the chief cause of bad supply persistence degree in Tibet and Qinghai. Henan, Shandong, and Heilongjiang were the largest crop residue producers, while their supply persistence degrees were not the highest ones.

关键词

生物质能源 /秸秆 /季节性 /持续性 /季节指数 /持续性系数{{custom_keyword}} /

Key words

Biomass energy / Crop residue / Seasonal variation / Sustainability of supply / Seasonal index / Sustainability coefficient{{custom_keyword}} /

丁士军, 吴海涛, 周晶, 朱超.秸秆资源收获季节性及其能源供应持续性分析[J]. 资源科学, 2011, 33(8): 1537-1545

DING Shijun, WU Haitao, ZHOU Jing, ZHU Chao.Analysis of Seasonal Variation in Crop Residue Harvest and Sustainability of Its Energy Supply[J]. Resources Science, 2011, 33(8): 1537-1545

参考文献

[1] 顾年华, 尤丽霞, 吴育华. 21世纪我国新能源开发展望[J]. 中国能源, 2002, (1): 37-38.
[2] 李京京, 任东明, 庄幸. 可再生能源资源的系统评价方法及实例[J]. 自然资源学报, 2001, 16(4): 373-380.
[3] 韩鲁佳, 闫巧娟, 刘向阳. 中国农作物秸秆资源及其利用现状[J]. 农业工程学报, 2002, 18(3): 87-91.
[4] 高祥照, 马文奇, 马常宝, 等. 中国作物秸秆资源利用现状分析[J]. 华中农业大学学报, 2002, 21(3): 242-247.
[5] 钟华平, 丘燕珍, 樊江文. 中国作物秸秆资源及其利用[J]. 资源科学, 2003, 25(4): 62-67.
[6] Li JF, Hu RQ, Song YQ, et al. Assessment of sustainable energy potential of non-plantation biomass resources in China[J]. Biomass Bioenergy, 2005, (29): 167-177.
[7] 曹国良, 张小曳, 郑方成. 中国大陆秸秆露天焚烧的量的估算[J]. 资源科学, 2006, 28(1): 9-13.
[8] 刘刚, 沈镭. 中国生物质能源的定量评价及其地理分布[J]. 自然资源学报, 2007, 22(1): 9-19.
[9] 李欢, 杨仁斌, 陈亮. 秸秆能源利用模式分析及进展[A] . 第二届全国农业环境科学学术研讨会论文集[C]. 天津市: 中国农业生态环境保护协会, 2007.
[10] 汪海波, 章瑞春. 我国农作物秸秆资源的分布、利用与开发策略[J]. 山东省农业管理干部学院, 2007, 23(2): 164-165.
[11] 蒋冬梅, 诸培新, 李效顺. 生物质秸秆资源发电的综合效益量化分析[J]. 资源科学, 2008, 30(9): 1307-1312.
[12] 靳胜英, 张礼安, 张福琴. 我国可用于生产燃料乙醇的秸秆资源分析[J]. 国际石油经济, 2008, (9): 51-55.
[13] 毕于运, 王道龙, 高春雨, 等. 中国秸秆资源评价与利用[M]. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2008.
[14] 崔明, 赵立欣, 田宜水, 等. 中国主要农作物秸秆资源能源化利用分析评价[J]. 农业工程学报, 2008, 24(12): 291-296.
[15] 李铁冰, 杨改河, 楚莉莉, 等. 中国农村户用沼气主要发酵原料资源量的估算[J]. 资源科学, 2009, 31(2): 231-237.
[16] 高利伟, 马林, 张为峰, 等. 中国作物秸秆养分资源数量估算及其利用状况[J]. 农业工程学报, 2009, 25(7): 173-179.
[17] 谢光辉, 王晓玉, 任兰天. 中国作物秸秆资源评估研究现状[J]. 生物工程学报, 2010, 26(7): 855-863.
[18] 丁文斌, 王雅鹏, 徐勇. 生物质能源材料——主要农作物秸秆产量潜力分析[J]. 中国人口·资源与环境, 2007, 17(5): 84-89.
[19] 张培栋, 杨艳丽, 李光全, 等. 中国农作物秸秆能源化潜力估算[J]. 可再生能源, 2007, 25(6): 80-83.
[20] 阎文彤, 张秉政. 小麦秸秆系数的测定[J]. 当代畜牧, 1999, (2): 35.
[21] Walsh, R. P. D. Drainage Density and Hydrological Process in a Humid Tropical Environment: the Windward Islands[D]. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 1980.
[22] 岳德荣. 中国玉米品质区划及产业布局[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2004.
[23] 李有明, 席梅, 汤三明. 湖北省夏玉米生产发展思考[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2010, 49(11): 2932-2934.
[24] 马铃薯种植区划[EB/OL]. http://www. sdnyxh. com/Info. aspx?ModelId=1&Id=1930, 2011-03-18/2010-10-04.
[25] 谢光辉, 韩东倩, 王晓玉, 等. 中国禾谷类大田作物收获指数和秸秆系数[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2011, 16(1): 1-8.
[26] 谢光辉, 韩东倩, 王晓玉, 等. 中国非禾谷类大田作物收获指数和秸秆系数[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2011, 16(1): 9-17.