聚果榕榕果小蜂种群分布格局及其生境和季节差异比较

摘要： 采用多个指数对西双版纳地区聚果榕榕果小蜂的种群分布格局进行了检测,并重点运用基于方差/均值比率法的t值测度比较了其生境和季节差异.结果表明,6种聚果榕榕果小蜂的种群分布格局皆呈聚集分布;传粉小蜂聚集强度在生境序列上,原始雨林≈严重干扰地段中度干扰地段,在季节序列上,雨季>干热季>雾凉季;非传粉小蜂不同种类不同性别随着生境和季节变化皆表现出明显的聚集强度差异.对各种聚集强度变化的发生机理与其对聚果榕传粉者互惠共生体进化稳定性进行了讨论,认为保护榕树、保护榕树和传粉昆虫互惠共生体的重点应放在保护其原始森林生境方面.

关键词: 聚果榕, 榕果小蜂, 种群分布格局, 互惠共生, 环境压力, 西双版纳

Abstract: The population distribution patterns of fig wasps associated with Ficus racemosa in Xishuangbanna were studied by using several indexes.The results indicated that the distribution patterns of 6 fig wasp species were all clump.The aggregative intensity of pollinating wasp (Ceratosolen fusciceps) population at primeval rain forest was nearly equal to that at seriously disturbed site,whereas they were both much higher than that at moderately disturbed site.In the meanwhile,the population aggregative intensity for the same wasp species was higher in rainy season than in dry-hot season,and the lowest was occurred in foggy-cool season.Non-pollinating wasp (Platyneura testacea,Platyneura mayri,Platyneura agraensis,Apocrypta westwoodi,Apocrypta sp.) population and each of their sex group were varied significantly in aggregative intensity,responding to the habitat change and seasonal alteration.The protection of original habitat should be focused on the protection of the mutualism of Ficus racemosa and fig wasps.

Key words: Ficus racemosa, Fig wasps, Population distribution pattern, Mutualism, Environment selective pressure, Xishuangbanna

中图分类号: 

S718.7

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