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花榈木人工种子胶囊制作及其萌发效果研究

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-12-20 13:14

摘要: 为筛选优良物理性质人工种子胶囊的制作方法和附加物，设计3种人工种子胶囊的制作方法和5种附加物，并以4组植物生长调节剂和5个低温贮藏时间对花榈木人工种子进行萌发诱导，分析不同植物生长调节剂和低温贮藏时间对花榈木人工种子萌发的影响。结果表明：双层包埋法较单层包埋法和空心珠法是制作人工种子胶囊较好的方法。其中双层包埋法人工种子胶囊中添加保水剂，初始质量、直径、长径、硬度和复水指数上较活性炭、纳米SiO2、纳米TiO2和壳聚糖高，且失水率低；综合评价得分以添加20 g/L保水剂的人工种子胶囊最高。4组植物生长调节剂影响花榈木人工种子萌发率，但差异不显著。花榈木人工种子萌发率随低温贮藏时间的增加呈逐渐下降趋势。可见，人工种子胶囊的物理性质受制作方法和附加物的影响，其中双层包埋法人工种子胶囊以添加20 g/L保水剂的物理性质最好，花榈木人工种子含水量高、不透气和长时间低温贮藏可能是造成其萌发率低的原因。

关键词: 花榈木 / 种子 / 双层包埋法 / 萌发率 / 低温贮藏

Abstract: In order to screen the making methods and additives of artificial seed capsules with excellent physical properties, and study the effects of plant growth regulators and low-temperature storage time on the germination of artificial seeds in Ormosia henryi. Three kinds of making methods and 5 kinds of additives of artificial seed capsules were designed in this experiment. Four combinations of plant growth regulators and 5 low-temperature storage time were used to induce the germination of artificial seeds. The findings indicated that double-layer embedding method was better than single-layer embedding method and hollow beads method. The initial weight, diameter, length, hardness and rehydration index of the artificial seed capsules with water retaining agent were higher than those of activated carbon, nano-SiO2, nano-TiO2 and chitosan, and the water loss rate was lower. The comprehensive evaluation score of the artificial seed capsules with 20 g/L water retaining agent was the highest. Four combinations of plant growth regulators affected the germination rate of artificial seeds in O. henryi, but the difference was not significant, the germination rate of artificial seeds decreased with the increase of low temperature storage time in O. henryi. The physical properties of artificial seed capsules were affected by the making methods and additives. The physical properties of artificial seed capsules in double-layer embedding method supplemented with 20 g/L water retaining agent was the best. The high water content, airtight and long time low temperature storage of the artificial seed capsule in O. henryi may be the reasons for its low germination rate.

图 1 3种不同制作方法制作的人工种子胶囊

Figure 1. Artificial seed capsule prepration with 3 different methods

图 2 12组人工种子胶囊的物理特性

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 2. Physical properties of 12 artificial seed capsules

图 3 双层包埋法添加不同附加物的人工种子胶囊

Figure 3. Artificial seed capsules with different additions by double-layer embedding method

图 4 16组人工种子胶囊的物理性质

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 4. Physical properties of 16 artificial seed capsules

图 5 花榈木人工种子的萌发效果

Figure 5. Germination of artificial seeds in O. henryi

图 6 植物生长调节剂对人工种子萌发的影响

不同小写字母表示差异显著（P<0.05）。

Figure 6. Effects of plant growth regulator on artificial seed germination

表 1 低温贮藏时间对人工种子萌发的影响

Table 1 Effects of low temperature storage time on artificial seed germination

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