首页分享诱捕器颜色和悬挂高度对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果的影响

诱捕器颜色和悬挂高度对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果的影响

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-12-17 02:45

摘要：

【背景】番茄潜叶蛾（Tuta absoluta）原产于南美洲西部的秘鲁,是近两年传入我国的一种重要农业害虫,对我国农业安全生产构成了潜在巨大威胁。【目的】探究诱捕器颜色和悬挂高度对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果的影响,为有效控制番茄潜叶蛾的发生与危害提供依据。【方法】以专一性引诱剂为试验材料,采用行为生态学技术方法,在有机蔬菜生产温棚开展性信息素诱捕器（平面式）颜色和诱捕器悬挂高度对番茄潜叶蛾诱捕效果的对比研究。【结果】白色（对照）、黄色（（575±10）nm）、绿色（（520±10）nm）和蓝色（（465±10）nm）4种颜色性信息素诱捕器均可诱捕到一定数量的番茄潜叶蛾,4种颜色诱捕器61 d平均诱蛾量从高至低依次为蓝色2 548.3头、黄色2 065.8头、绿色1 998.3头、白色1 072.7头/诱捕器。不同颜色诱捕器逐日诱蛾量占比中,蓝色和黄色诱捕器显著高于绿色和白色,依次为蓝色和黄色>绿色>白色,差异明显;逐日诱蛾量中,蓝色诱捕器最高,依次为蓝色>黄色和绿色>白色诱捕器,差异显著;诱蛾效果综合分析结果显示,蓝色>绿色和黄色>白色诱捕器。5种悬挂高度性信息素诱捕器37 d平均诱蛾量依次为0 cm（直接放于地面上）332.2头、0—20 cm为94.2头、60—80 cm为12.4头、120—140 cm为9.2头、180—200 cm为7.4头/诱捕器;不同悬挂高度诱捕器诱蛾量占比中,0 cm显著高于其他4种悬挂高度,依次为0 cm>0—20 cm>60—80、120—140和180—200 cm,差异明显;逐日诱蛾量中,0 cm最高,依次为0 cm>0—20 cm>60—80、120—140和180—200 cm,差异明显;诱蛾效果综合分析结果显示,0 cm>0—20 cm>60—80 cm>120—140和180—200 cm。【结论】在设施蔬菜生产中将蓝色性信息素诱捕器（平面式）直接放于地面对番茄潜叶蛾的诱捕效果最好。

关键词: 番茄潜叶蛾, 性诱芯, 色板, 诱捕器颜色, 诱捕器悬挂高度, 诱捕效果, 设施蔬菜

Abstract:

【Background】The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta, originates in Peru, the western South America, is a newly invaded important agricultural pest in China and has posed a potential threat to safety production of agriculture in China. 【Objective】To provide a basis for effectively managing the occurrence and damage caused by this insect pest, the trapping efficacy of color and height of placement of sex pheromone traps (planar traps) on T. absoluta was evaluated. 【Method】The sex pheromone lures target to T. absoluta were used and the techniques and methods of behavioral ecology were applied. The field tests were conducted in greenhouses for organic vegetable production. 【Result】The four colors of sex pheromone traps were effective in trapping T. absoluta. On average, the total numbers of trapped adults per trap were 2 548.3 males by blue (wavelength, (465±10) nm) trap, 2 065.8 males by yellow ((575±10) nm) trap, 1 998.3 males by green ((520±10) nm) trap, and 1 072.7 males by white trap during the whole period (61 d) of field trapping tests. The daily proportions of trapped adults by the blue and yellow traps were the highest, and then followed by the green trap, that of the white trap was the lowest. The daily number of trapped T. absoluta adults by the blue trap was the most, and then followed by the yellow and green traps, that of the white trap was the least. The trapping stability of white trap was significantly higher than that of the other three trap colors. Comprehensive evaluation, based on above three indexes, showed that the trapping efficacy of the blue trap to T. absoluta adults was the highest, and then followed by that of the green and yellow traps, that of the white trap was the lowest. The numbers of trapped adults per sex pheromone trap were 332.2 males by the height of 0 cm (place the traps on the ground directly), 94.2 males by 0-20 cm, 12.4 males by 60-80 cm, 9.2 males by 120-140, and 7.4 males by 180-200 cm on average during the whole period (37 d) of field trapping tests. The proportion of trapped adults by the trap height of 0 cm was the highest, and then followed by the 0-20 cm, those of the 60-80, 120-140, and 180-200 cm were the lowest. The daily number of trapped T. absoluta adults by the trap height 0 cm was the most, and then followed by the 0-20 cm, those of the 60-80, 120-140, and 180-200 cm were the least. Significant difference was detected among the five trap heights when the trapping stability was compared. Comprehensive evaluation, based on above three indexes, showed that the trapping efficacy of the trap height 0 cm to T. absoluta adults was the highest, and then followed by that of the 0-20 cm, the next was the 60-80 cm, those of the 120-140 cm and 180-200 cm were the lowest. 【Conclusion】Analyses based on the integrated indexes of color and height of placement of sex pheromone traps (planar traps) showed that blue traps placed on the ground directly could get the best trapping efficacy.

Key words: Tuta absoluta, sex pheromone lure, insect adhesive board, trap color, trap height, trapping efficacy, greenhouse vegetable